(Uopx) Nsg 521 Advanced Pathophysiology Comprehensive Final Review 2024

NSG 5 21 Advanced P athophysiology Comprehensive Final Review Q & A 2024 1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following mechanisms is primarily involved in the development of cardiogenic shock? a) Systemic vasodilation b) Increased cardiac preload c) Impaired myocardial contractility d) Reduced cardiac afterload Answer: c) Impaired myocardial contractility Rationale: Cardiogenic shock is characterized by the h eart's inability to pump sufficient blood, often due to impaired myocardial contractility. 2. True/False: The presence of Reed -Sternberg cells is a definitive diagnostic indicator for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Answer: True Rationale: Reed -Sternberg cells are a hallmark of Hodgkin's lymphoma and their presence is essential for diagnosis. 3. Fill -in-the-Blank: The primary pathophysiological process of asthma is ___________. Answer: Bronchoconstriction Rationale: Asthma is characterized by reversible a irway obstruction primarily due to bronchoconstriction. 4. Open Ended: Describe the pathophysiological changes that occur in the lungs during an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Answer: An acute exacerbation of COPD i s marked by increased inflammation, mucus production, and narrowing of the airways, leading to decreased airflow and gas exchange. 5. Multiple Choice: Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is involved in rheumatoid arthritis?