MIC 102unit 5-2 Exam Questions with Correct Answers

MIC 102unit 5-2 Exam Questions with Correct Answers The stable association of one organism with another is called - Answer-Blank 1: symbiosis or symbiotic Historically, the smaller organism in a symbiotic relationship was termed the symbiont and the larger organism the host. Currently, these two organisms are now regarded as . - Answer-partners A symbiotic relationship in which each partner receives some benefit, but each partner can also live independently is called . - Answer-cooperation Mutualistic relationships between microbes and insects are common because insects . - Answer-often consume diets lacking essential nutrients Aphids and Buchnera aphidicola bacteria are obligate mutualistic symbionts. Therefore, if the bacterial partner is separated from the insect and placed in a culture medium, the expected result would be that the bacteria would . - Answer-die The general term used to describe two organisms living together, regardless of the outcome, is . - Answer-symbiosis Aggregations of many types of organisms in stable relationships are now often referred to as . [Choose two.] - Answer-a holobiont a metaorganism Identify the common characteristic of cooperation and mutualism. - Answer-Both are symbiotic relationships In mutualistic associations between microbes and insects, the microbe generally receives . - Answer-secure habitat and ample nutrients If an aphid is treated with an antibiotic, it dies. Which is the best explanation for this observation? - Answer-Aphids harbor obligate mutualistic bacteria. Which of these observations that support the idea that endosymbiotic relationships between aphids and bacteria are evolutionarily old? - Answer-Over 90% of the genes are common among the various endosymbionts. Certain steps in amino acid synthetic pathways occur in only the aphid or the endosymbiont. Mutualistic relationships between microbes and insects are common because insects . - Answer-True Match each component of a ruminant's stomach with its best description. - Answer- abom the true stmo the antech the honey the large Comparison of the genomes of various endosymbiotic Buchnera strains shows that . - Answer-many of the ancestral genes have been lost Approximately how many microbes are present per milliliter of rumen fluid? - Answer- 1012 The rumen has a slightly higher than the rest of the animal. - Answer- temperature Termites are dependent on their endosymbionts to carry out which two of these processes? - Answer-complete the digestion of cellulose convert (fix) nitrogen to a usable form The stomach of a ruminant is divided into how many chambers? - Answer-4 The rumen contains a diverse microbial community that includes which types of organisms? - Answer-protists fungi archaea bacteria Because of the environmental conditions in the rumen, all microbes present must function efficiently under conditions. - Answer-anaerobic True or false: A diet of wood lacks nitrogen, and therefore termites require assistance from organisms that can provide nitrogen. - Answer-True In a syntrophic relationship, the growth of one organism depends on (or is improved by) which types of factors produced by nearby organisms? - Answer-growth factors nutrients substrates In anoxic environments such as freshwater sediments and flooded soils, interspecies hydrogen transfer occurs between anaerobic bacteria such as Syntrophobacter, and certain archaea that use the H2 to produce . - Answer-methane A nonobligatory, symbiotic relationship in which one partner benefits and the other partner is neither harmed nor helped is called . - Answer-commensalism An association in which the growth of one organism depends upon, or is improved by, factors provided by a nearby organism is called . - Answer-syntrophy Antibiotic production by bacteria is an example of . - Answer-amensalism An antagonistic interaction in which one partner obtains biochemical precursors and energy after killing a victim is termed . - Answer-predation In various anoxic methanogenic ecosystems, fermentative bacteria, like Syntrophobacter, produce excess H2, which is consumed by methanogenic archaea to produce methane. This process is known as hydrogen transfer. - Answer- interspecies In a commensalistic symbiotic relationship, the commensal is the partner that . - Answer-benefits An endosymbiotic relationship where one organism releases a compound that has an adverse effect on another is called . - Answer-amensalism An antagonistic interaction in which one partner obtains biochemical precursors and energy from a living a victim is termed . - Answer-parasitism Match the type of predation carried out by Bdellovibrio, Daptobacter, and Vampirococcus. - Answer-bdel active dapto penetr vampire attach A predatory bacterium that enters its prey's periplasm and consumes its energy and precursors is termed a(n) predator. - Answer-endobiotic Which genus of bacterial predators attaches to the outer membrane of its prey, and secretes degradative enzymes? - Answer-Vampirococcus