CWRU: PSCL 101 - Exam 3 Questions & Answers Rated 100% Correct!!

Appraisal - Answer-An evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus. 6 Basic emotions - Answer-1. Happy 2. Anger 3. Disgust 4. Scared 5. Sadness 6. Surprise Two-Factor Theory - Answer-The theory that emotions are based on the causes of physiological arousal. Terror Management Theory - Answer-The theory that people cope with their existential terror by developing a "cultural worldview." Motivation - Answer-The purpose for or psychological cause of an action. The biological, emotional, cognitive or social forces that activate and direct behavior. James-Lange Theory - Answer-a stimulus triggers activity in the body, which produces an emotional experience in the brain. Avoidance Motivation - Answer-A motivation not to experience a negative outcome. Drive - Answer-An internal state caused by physiological needs. 3 Parts to emotions: Affective Component - Answer-Immediate positive or negative feeling-Hard to shift between the two feelings 3 Parts to emotion: Physiological Component - Answer-Physical Reaction: heart rate, blood pressure, alertness of eyes, facial display, blushing, etc. -Caused by chemical changes in nervous system -Difficult to interpret (similar patterns among various emotions) Approach Motivation - Answer-A motivation to experience a positive 3 parts to emotions: Cognitive Component - Answer-People think about what they are feeling -Depends on your interpretation of components and situational factors Unconscious Motivations - Answer-Motivations of which people are not aware Cannon-Bard Theory - Answer-a stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the body and emotional experience in the brain. Hedonic Principle - Answer-The claim that people are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain. Need for Achievement - Answer-The motivation to solve worthwhile problems Intrinsic Motivation - Answer-A motivation to take actions that are rewarding themselves. Metabolism - Answer-The rate at which energy is used by the body.Action Control - Answer-Feeling emotions to change their own behaviors -Fear of heights (move away from cliff) Interpersonal Regulator - Answer-Feeling emotions to change behaviors of people -Guilt, anger (battle of emotions) -Anger (more powerful person) -Guilt (weaker person) Extrinsic Motivation - Answer-A motivation to take actions that lead to reward. Conscious Motivation - Answer-Motivations of which people are aware. Mental Disorder - Answer-A persistent disturbance or dysfunction in behavior, thoughts, or emotions that causes significant distress or impairment (maladaptive) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) - Answer-A classification system that describes the features used to diagnose each recognized mental disorder and indicates how the disorder can be distinguished from other, similar problems. Biological Model - Answer-Underlying biological factor key to developing illness -structural abnormalities -biochemical processes -genetic influences Cognitive-Behavioral Model - Answer-Learning and reinforcing of maladaptive tendencies -biased perception of reality -changing conditioning cycle (behavior-reward cycle)-Rationalizing Motor Theapy Medical Model - Answer-Abnormal psychological experiences are conceptualized as illnesses that, like physical illnesses, have biological and environmental causes, defined symptoms, and possible cures. abnormal psychological behavior treated like physical illnesses Comorbidity * - Answer-The co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual. Biopsychosocial Perspective - Answer-Explains mental disorders as the result of interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors. Diathesis-Stress Model - Answer-a person may be predisposed for a psychological disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress. stress triggers a disorder Research Domain Criteria Project (RDoC) - Answer-A new initiative that aims to guide the classification and understanding of mental disorders by revealing the basic processes that cause them. a movement that strives to classify/ understand mental disorders by revealing the processes that cause them Anxiety Disorder - Answer-The class of mental disorder in which anxiety is the predominant feature. (3.1% of Americans, 2x women)