Multicultural Counseling Final Exam with Correct Solutions

Multicultural Counseling Final Exam with Correct Solutions Most commonly used substance - Answer -Alcohol Rise of use of what substance? - Answer -Prescription Drugs Why do military personnel use drugs and alcohol? (list 2) - Answer --knowing you may be involved in armed conflict or actually being in armed conflict -The more and the longer the deployments, the more substance abuse -The stress of being separated from your spouse and family -Long periods of boredom on a base or in a war setting -A history of accepted alcohol use (changing) -Other: relocation, trauma, low pay, physical challenges, challenge of being a female service member Definition of PTSD - Answer -Occurs when an individual experiences an event that is outside of the range of usual human experience and that would be markedly distressing to almost anyone Symptoms of PTSD - Answer --The mind is unable to answer how or why or what the event means -Symptoms last as long as the mind needs to reorganize, classify, and make sense of event -If event is not integrated, stressor can reemerge in many forms Know the 2 categories of trauma - Answer -Type 1 - Sudden, distinct traumatic event Type 2 - Long-standing and comes from repeated traumatic events Type 1 - Sudden, distinct traumatic event - Answer --Type 1 events are fully detailed -Etched in memory -Retrospective rumination - meditation, reflection on the event -Cognitive reappraisals, reasons, misperceptions and mistimings of events -Appraisal - estimating or judging the nature or value of something Type 2 - Long-standing and comes from repeated traumatic events - Answer --Develop defensive and coping strategies to ward off repeated assaults on integrity