ATI MedSurg Comprehensive Review questions and answers graded A+

ATI MedSurg Comprehensive ReviewDiabetic Ketoacidosis - correct answer - assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia - admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV - kussmaul resp Beta blockers (Propranolol) - correct answer - monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis, acute pancreatitis - notify provider: night cough Factors that affect wound healing - correct answer - dehydration (UO) - infection - BMI 18.5 or 25 - malnutrition (low protein, vita C) - age - decreased hgb, tissue perfusion - wound stress HIV/AIDS - correct answer - positive response to treatment monitored by viral load - risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily - dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load Fluid replacement - correct answer - monitor BUN Cerebrovascular accident - correct answer - right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect - left sided: language, math, analytical skills Preventing UTIs - correct answer - wipe from front to back - void after intercourse - avoid baths - drink 2-3 L of fluid daily - cotton underwear - urinate Q2-4h Radiation therapy - correct answer - do not remove ink markings - wash area gently with warm water and mild soap - avoid sun esposure for 1 year - dispose body fluids in lead container - limit visits to 30 min a day - staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure - keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed Kidney transplants - correct answer - hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may not function immediately - requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy - complications: cardiovascular disease Hemodialysis - correct answer - expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp - complications: hypocalcemia, bleeding, infection, hypovolemia, anemia - disequilibrium syndrome: nausea, restlessness, dysrhythmias, seizures, headache - notify: headache, nausea, dizziness during dialysis - do not eat during dialysis Inotropic medications - correct answer - dopamine, digoxin, dobutamine, milirinone - increase contractility and improve CO - monitor HR (apical), hold if 60 min