CPCE 2024 Exam

Empirically validated Treatment or Empirically Supported treatment - Answer-When counselors do integrate research into practice. Correlation - Answer-Correlation is simply an association. It is not the same as causality. The correlation between people who have an umbrella open and rain is very high, but opening your umbrella does not cause it to rain. Three types of correlations - Answer-Go from negative 1 to 0 to positive 1. Zero means no correlation while positive 1 and negative 1 are perfect correlations. A negative .5 is not higher than a correlation of -.5 In fact, a correlation of -.8 is stronger than a correlation of .5. A positive correlation: when x goes up, y goes up. For example, when you study more, your GPA goes up. A negative correlation: when x goes up y goes down. For example, the more you brush your teeth, the less you will be plagued by cavities. Quantitative research - Answer-when one quanitifes or measures things. It yields numbers. Qualitative research - Answer-When does research does not use numberical data Bubbles - Answer-When research has flaws What is a true experiment? - Answer-Two or more groups are udes. What is random sampling? - Answer-People are picked randomly and placed in groups using random assignment. Systematic sampling - Answer-where every nth person is chosen can also be used howere, researchers stillprefer random sampling and random assignment Counselor Preparation Comprehensive What is quasi-experimental research? - Answer-When the groups are not picked at random or the researcher cannot control the IV then it is a quasi rather than a true experiment. quasi-experimental research does not ensure causality. What is the independent variable - Answer-The experimental group gets the IV and it is known as the experimental variable. what is the DV or dependent variable? - Answer-the outcome data in the study is called the DV. If we want to see if eating carrots raises one's IQ then eating carrots is the IV while the IQ scores at the end of the study would be the DV. Type I alpha error - Answer-When a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is true. Type II beta error - Answer-When a research accepts null when it should have been rejected