Bio 1407 Exam 2 Questions Rated And Verified 100%

Phylogeny - ANS The evolutionary history of a species or group of related species phylogenic tree/cladogram - ANS - to reconstruct the evolutionary history of relationships between species a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor. A tree through time - ANS A complete tree implies all of the events (evolution: common ancestors, nodes, branches, speciation, relationships) branching point - ANS represents the divergence of two species (node) Common ancestor-phylogenetic tree - ANS sister taxa - ANS groups that share an immediate common ancestor sister taxa (phylogenetic tree) - ANS basal taxon - ANS Most similar to the common ancestor (Lease evolutionary) polytomy - ANS a branch from which more than two groups emerge Why do Phylogenies matter? - ANS They are the basis of comparative biology Systematics - ANS study and classification of biodiversity and determining their evolutionary relationships clades - ANS taxon that consists of all the evolutionary descendants of a single common ancestor homologous traits - ANS Similar in structure, but does not have same function. They are inherited from a common ancestor. Homology - ANS A similarity between two or more features that is due to inheritance from a common ancestor. plesiomorphic trait - ANS traits possessed by common ancestor and all taxas apomorphic trait - ANS derived trait that was changed from the original intent - not shared by all taxa Synapomorphies - ANS traits found in two or more taxa that are present in their most recent common ancestor but not more distant ancestors Automorphies - ANS Unique Derived Trait; separates them from other taxa convergent evolution - ANS the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages to