Hesi A2 Biology Practice Questions Graded A

Hesi A2 Biology Practice Questions Graded A Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? Ribosome Why is yeast used to make bread rise? Yeast carries out fermentation, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide How is mitosis different from meiosis? Meiosis creates sex cells with half the # of chromosomes of the parent cell where as mitosis creates cells that are exact copies of each other, down to the number of chromosomes What can be altered? DNA What is single stranded? RNA What contains uracil? RNA What codes for proteins? DNA Imagine that two parents both carry the recessive gene for cystic fibrosis. Any homozygous recessive offspring will manifest the disease. What percentage of the offspring is predicted to be carriers but not manifest the disease? 50 percent A cell is in a solution in which the concentration of solutes is higher inside the cell than outside the cell. What would you expect to happen to the cell? It will swell and probably burst/hypotonic situation What is the purpose of phloem tissue in plant stems? It conducts food throughout the plant, it is the system of narrow tubes that transports sugars and other nutrients Physical factors such as temperature and pH can alter enzyme activity because they have an effect on the enzyme's Shape, the shape of an enzyme controls it's fit with its substrate. Which part of a plants reproductive system is of a different gender than others? Stamen (male reproductive organ) What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human? Parasitism, one organism benefits off another The scientific name for a house cat is Felis catus. This indicates the house cats what? Genus; species Kingdom/animalia Phylum/Chordata Class/mammalia Order/carnivora Family/felidae Genus/ Felis Species/catus Beeswax is an example of what kind of molecule? Lipid, waxes oils and fats are lipids What takes place in a lysosome? Food is digested, the lysosome contains digestive enzymes. The job of a lysosome is to digest food for cells and break down cells waste products Which organism reproduces via binary fission? Salmonella In which phase of cell division do the chromosomes replicate? Interphase-active phase of a cells reproductive life, the cell produces nucleic acids and proteins and doubled its # of chromosomes In a strand of DNA, you would expect to see adenine paired with? Thymine/adenine Cytosine/guanine Hemophilia is a sex linked trait carried on the X chromosome. In an example of a male with hemophilia and a female carrier, what ratio of the offspring is predicted to have the disease? 1 female: 0 male What is represented by this formula 6CO2+6H2O=C6H12O6+6O2 Photosynthesis, carbon dioxide pairing with water to form a simple sugar and oxygen 3 students measured the mass of a product of combustion. They recorded measurements of 5.14g 5.16g and 5.17g if the known mass of the product is 5.30g how would you describe the students measurements? Precise What is the energy pyramid? Producersprimary consumerssecondary consumersdecomposers Which is not a step in the water cycle? Nitrification(nitrogen cycle) Steps Condensation(gas to liquid) Transpiration(loss of water through a plants stomata) Absorption(intake of water from the water table by plant roots) Why do we perceive chlorophyll as green? It fails to absorb green light Absorbs red and blue reflects green Why are bacteria and blue green algae often classified together? Both are prokaryotes have no true nucleus Which molecule contains glucose? Carbohydrates Simple carbohydrates are simple sugars, complex carbohydrates are simple sugars linked with covalent bonds What conducts water up through the stem of a plant? Xylem What are the female parts of a plant? Pistil (female reproductive organ) Stigma (top part of pistil) Style (slender stalk below the stigma) Vascular plants whose seeds have no protective covering? Gymnosperms Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis example blue-green algae Autotrophs