NURS 629 exam 2

Weight changes in 1st year of life - Answer-Weight increases 6-8lbs, up to 20lbs in the 1st year of life When does the posterior fontanelle close? Anterior? - Answer-posterior- 2 months, anterior- 9-18 mo when do the abdominal muscles close? - Answer-3 years When are the testicles descended? - Answer-usually descended at birth, but spontaneous descent may occur in the first year after birth. (usually 6 months) what do you assess for with infants musculoskeletal system? - Answer-leg fold symmetry hib abduction- no clicks Ortolani maneuver - Answer-check hips for congenital dislocation, done until 1 yr old, should be smooth with no sounds , abnormal= feels like a clunk as head of femur pops back into place- positive ortolani sign Barlow maneuver - Answer-place your index and middle finger over the greater tronchanter. Gently push both knees together at midline downwards. Positive:"Clunk" sounds or palpating trochangter being displaced by the index/middle finger Infantile eczema - Answer-atopic dermatitis is an inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin - local vasodilation in affected areas spongiosis or breakdown of dermal cells and formation of intradermal vesicles - rarely seen in breastfed infants until they begin to eat additional food - it is a symptom rather than a disorder - infant is oversensitive to certain substances Worse in winter why is acid reflux common in infants? - Answer-their sphincters are not mature, break up feedings ~15mL, burp, then return. When does colic usually resolve? - Answer-by 6 months Toddler weight gain per year - Answer-4-6lbs per year, grow 3 inches pe ryear In toddler always assess for? - Answer-anterior fontanel (should be closed by 18 m-2 yrs. screen for strabismus tooth eruption- if no teeth by 18 mo= xray assess for hip dysplasia, gait, bowlegged