Medical Surgery Study Guid

Perioperative module 1 Perioperative module I. Preoperative care: Can be months long or emergent- ends when they enter the OR II. Preop Checklist a. Complete physical exam b. Review ofsystems c. Medical and surgical history d. Evaluate laboratory findings i. Include pregnancy test-we do not operate (especially electively) on pregnant women e. Make sure labs are normal going in III. Preop teaching- good to teach what they need to do postop before surgery IV. Informed consent a. Surgeon explains procedure and ensures Pt understands. b. Nurse is the witness to the Pt signature, that they aren’t being coerced. Need to make sure patient understands the surgery V. Surgical risk: health concerns, older adult I. Factorsthat Increase Surgical Risk a. Age: very young and older population-more at risk b. Obesity: extra tissue/skin, extra pressure on the heart, extra stress on the body c. Malnutrition: lack muscle mass, underweight, not enough protein for healing, anemic d. Dehydration: maintain fluids and electrolytes, affects circulation e. Cardiovascular & Respiratory disease: extra stress of heart and body f. Diabetes: Don’t heal well, circulatory and cardiovascular issues, circulation, blood sugar g. Renal & liver disease: responsible for medication/anesthesia metabolism/breakdown i. Alcoholism: decreased liver function, prolonged anesthetic, altered nutritional status h. Nicotine: stop smoking 6 weeks before surgery due t