PC707- Module 3

Anti-Ulcer drugs help by: - Answer--altering gastric pH by decreasing acid secretion -protecting the stomach wall lining by increasing mucosal protection -eradicating harmful bacteria Ex: H. Pylori What are the main pharmacologic categories of drugs we used to manage gastric acid secretion and the effects: - Answer--antacids -H2 receptor antagonists -proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) -prostoglandin analogs -mucosal protectant sulcrafate (Carafate) What is the first OTC medication tried by patients with dyspepsia? - Answer--Antacids --these are typically not effective for persistant GERD and PUD What are antacids? How do they work? - Answer--organic salts -neutralize the hydrochloric acid in the stomach -raises the gastric pH above 4.0 What are the main side effects of antacids? - Answer--diarrhea -constipation What are the different categories of antacids? - Answer--calcium carbonate -sodium bicarbonate -aluminum based -magnesium based -aluminum hydroxide What is important teaching for patients taking antacids? - Answer--decreasing the stomach pH can cause the decrease absorption of drugs that rely on acidic conditions -if taking enteric coated medications--reducing stomach acid can cause the medication to dissolve and absorb in the stomach instead of the intestine **always separate antacids from other medications by 2 hours** Calcium carbonate antacids: - Answer--Tums -can cause CONSTIPATION -require adequate fluid intake to dissolve -can be used in patients needing to take an antacid who also could benefit from extra calcium intake. -potential for milk "alkali" syndrome, metabolic alkalosis Sodium Bicarbonate antacids: - Answer--Alka Seltzer -contains aspirin (ASA) -potential to WORSEN GI distress. -increased risk for water retention and fluid overload