EAS Practice 2023: ScienceT Practice Guide 2024/2025.

Which of the following correctly describes the law of segregation? A) It states that the segregation of the dominant trait in the phenotype happens in the hybrid offspring. B) It states that all the genetic factors are present in the DNA. C)It states that allele pairs segregate during gametogenesis and reunite randomly during the fertilization process. D) It states that the hereditary factors segregate independently of one another during gametogenesis. - correct answer It states that allele pairs segregate during gametogenesis and reunite randomly during the fertilization process is the correct answer. The law of segregation states that each pair of alleles segregate randomly during gametogenesis (gamete formation). This means that each gamete (sex cell) receives one copy of a gene (an allele). They later reunite or combine randomly during fertilization. This way, the offspring acquires one allele from each of the parents. The law of ________ states that the offspring will always display the dominant trait in the phenotype by suppressing the recessive trait. A) independent assortment b) dominance C) segregation - correct answer dominance The law of ______assortment states that the traits inherited by the offspring are independent of each other. Two or more traits do not influence one another. A) independent assortment b) dominance C) segregation - correct answer independent assortment ionic bond - correct answer Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another examples of ionic bonds - correct answer NaCl hydrogen bond - correct answer weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom, a bond between a partial positive and a partial negative examples of hydrogen bond - correct answer DNA and proteins polar bond - correct answer a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally example of polar bond - correct answer H2O how do ribosomes carry out protein synthesis? A)Ribosomes carry the codons required for protein synthesis. B)Ribosomes can decode mRNA and assemble amino acids for protein synthesis. - correct answer Ribosomes can decode mRNA and assemble amino acids for protein synthesis. What is the correct sequence in which inhaled air passes through the respiratory tract? Nasal cavity, ____, _____, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles larynx/pharynx - correct answer Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), responsible for the maturation of egg and sperm, and luteinizing hormone (LH), responsible for producing testosterone, are both produced by what gland? A) Thyroid B) anterior pituitary C) posterior pituitary D) adrenal - correct answer anterior pituitary