Nursing 113 exam 1

Nursing 113 exam 1 Gain entry via mucocutaneous surfaces. Begins to multiply causing cell destruction and vesicle formation. Painful red vesicles 2-14 days after exposure Small painful blisters filled with clear fluid Genital Herpes Pathophysiology May have no symptoms First outbreak is accompanied by flu-like symptoms- fever and body aches Urinary retention Dysuria Vaginal discharge Urethral discharge men Refional lymphadenopathy Genital Herpes symptoms Presumptive diagnosis Viral culture is most definitive No cure Genital Herpes diagnosis and treatment Acyclovir (Zovirax) 7-10 days or until lesions healed Valacyclovir (Valtrex) Famciclovir (Famvir) Genital Herpes Pharmacology HPV transmitted by vaginal, anal, oral-genital contact Incubation period 2-3 months HPV Patho Clinical appearance on physical examination Regular screening, Pap tests Identify precancerous lesions HPV Diagnosis and treatment No drug to cure virus itself Topical agents Podofilox, imiquimod client applied Podophyllum, trichloroacetic acid provider administered Gardasil, Cervarix vaccinations HPV Pharmacologic therapies Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia Patho Dysuria, urinary frequency and discharge Chlamydia signs and symptoms Untreated chlamydia can lead to: PID Infertility Ectopic pregnancy Chlamydia complications PCR test Nucleic acid hybridization test Chlamydia diagnosis Azithromycin (Zithromax), doxycycline ( Causes Diarrhea) Both partners treated Chlamydia Pharmacologic therapy Pyogenic bacteria that causes inflammation In men, acute pain Epididymus, periurethral glands In women PID, endometritis, salpingitis, pelvic peritonitis Gonorrhea Patho Men Dysuria, serous, milky, purulent penile discharge Women Dysuria, urinary frequency, abnormal menses Increased vaginal discharge, dyspareunia Anorectal gonorrhea Pruritis, mucopurulent discharge, bleeding, pain Gonococcal pharyngitis Gonnorrhea signs and symptoms Blindness, infection of joints, potentially lethal Gonorrhea Complications in Newborns PID in women Epididymitis, prostatitis in men Spread of infection to blood, joints Increased susceptibility to, transmission of HIV Gonorrhea complications Cultures Urinalysis Gram stain Tests for other STI Gonorrhea Diagnositics Eradication of organism Prevention of reinfection or transmission other STIs Gonorrhea Treatment Break in skin, mucous membrane Spread through blood, lymphatic system Congenital syphilis Transferred to fetus through placental circulation Syphilis Patho Chancre, regional lymph node enlargement 3-4 weeks after infectious contact Little or no pain Highly infectious Primary syphilis 6 weeks after initial chancre Systemic with spirochete spreading to all major organ systems Skin rash, mucous patches in oral cavity, sore throat Generalized lympadenopathy, condyloma lata Secondary syphilis 2 or more years after initial infection Sexual transmission is possible in latent syphilis Two types Benign late syphilis Diffuse inflammatory response Latent and tertiary syphilis Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) FTA-ABS confirmatory Syphilis diagnosis Penicillin G IM in single dose Treatment may result in Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction Syphilis treatment stop/limit smoking limit caffeine, Alcohol, social drugs street drugs pose real threat to the fetus Women with chronic health disorders such as thyroid disease, seizures, hypertension, and diabetes should talk to the doctor before having a baby ( some medications may need to be changed for the safety of fetus) Preconception teaching both partners should have a physical and a dental exam prior to pregnancy to avoid any necessary procedures that may cause harm to the fetus preconception physical calcium protein iron b complex vitamin vitamin c magnesium folic acid ( do not exceed recommended doses of these) Preconception nurtrition Based on understanding of ovulatory cycle takes in account that sperms life spand is 3-6 days and ovum lifespand is 1-3 days Extensive initial counseling to be effective Calendar rhythm method Requires a period of abstinence and recording certian events throughout cycle Least reliable Natural family planning Acceptable to religious beliefs Free increased awareness of body no artificial substances or devices in body encourages couple communication Natural family planning pros may interfere with spontaneity careful records must be kept may be difficult/impossible for women who don't have normal cycle not very reliable Natural family planning cons women record menstrual cycle for 6 months to identify shortest and longest cycle fertile phase is 18 days before the end of the shortest cycle and 11 days before the longest calendar rhythm Woman takes BBT on awakening Before activity Record on graph Based on fact that temperature : Sometimes drops before ovulation and Almost always rises, remains elevated afterward Basal body temperature (BBT) method need a specific thermometer must record for 3-4 months to establish a cycle must abstain from intercourse for several days Basal body temperature (BBT) method cons Assessment of cervical mucus changes With ovulation mucus clearer, more stretchable Spinnbarkeit (quality) Fern pattern Abstain from intercourse: From mucus becoming clear, more elastic Until 4 days after last wet mucus Ovulation method