BIO202 Final Exam Study Guide (StraighterLine A&P II) Questions and Answers, Graded A+

Viscosity of Blood? - twice as thick as water How long does it take for a drop of blood to circulate through the entire system? - 20-60 seconds What is the composition of Blood - 55% plasma, 45% formed elements, What are the fucntions of blood? - -Moves regulatory and processed molecules, gasses, waste, and nutrients -Regulats pH and osmosis process -Maintain body temperature -Protect against foreign substances -Assist in clotting What is the composition of plasma? - 91% water 7% proteins 2% other solutes What proteins are found in blood plasma? - albumin, globulins, fibrinogen What solutes are found in blood plasma? - Ions, nutrients, waste products, gasses, regulatory substances What are two blood disorders - Anemia and sickle-cell disease What is sickle-cell disease? - an abnormal red blood cell that has a crescent shape and an abnormal form of hemoglobin What is anemia? - a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood How much blood does the heart pump per minute? - ~5 1/4 Quarts per minute What are action potentials? - Sequence of electrical changes when a nerve membrane receives a stimulus that exceeds a threshold What is depolarization? - Loss of an electrical charge on the surface of a membrane What is Repolarization? - Gain of electrical charge on the surface of a membrane What are the functions of the heart? - generating blood pressure, routing blood, ensuring one-way blood flow, regulating blood supply What are the two divisions of the heart? - Pulmonary Circuit and Systemic Circuit What are the components of the heart? - Pericardium, Heart Wall, Chambers, Valves What is the pericardium? - Double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and reduces friction between pericardial membranes What is the heart wall? - Three protective layers of tissue What to chambers of the heart do? - Receive and return blood from and to the body What is the purpose of heart valves? - prevent back flow of blood, ensure one-directional