TNCCMajor cause of death

Major cause of death 1-44 - ansTrauma: major cause of death for people ages 1-44 years Epidemiology: Unintentional injury is a leading cause of death across all age groups in the US - ans• 65+ falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths • 25-64: poisoning is the leading cause of death • 5-24: MVC leading cause of death • TBI: more for males, 0-4 highest rate of death Injury prevention: 3 E's - ans• Engineering: technological interventions (airbags, alarms, safety gear) • Enforcement and legislation: laws and regulations • Education: community based initiatives, public service announcements Kinematics - ansstudy of energy transfer as it applies to identifying actual or potential injuries Biomechanics - ansstudy of forces and their effects on living tissue and the human body Mechanism of injury (MOI) - anshow injuries occur as a result of energy from environment transferred to the body Newton's 1st law of motion: - ansa body at rest will remain at rest, a body in motion will remain in motion Newton's 2nd law of motion: - ansForce=Mass x Acceleration Newton's 3rd law of motion: - ansfor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Law of conservation of energy: - ansenergy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change form Types of injuries: - ans• Blunt trauma: broad energy impact across a large surface area: falls, MVC, assaults • Penetrating trauma: energy that results in impalement: guns, stab wounds, • Thermal trauma: burns • Blast trauma: rapid release of blast energy in chemical, physical, radioactive exposures • Occlusive/obtrusive: drowning, handing, strangulation, Motor vehicle impact sequence: - ans• 1st impact: car hit object • 2nd: impact person hits inside of car • 3rd: impact organs hit inside of body- organs can be ripped from ligaments (aorta) and hit internal structures Pedestrian vs Vehicle: - ansWaddell triad: lower initial hit (leg), chest injury when landing on car (thorax), upper body injury when bounced off and landing on the ground (head and arms)