Network and Security Foundations Study Guide 2024 Graded A

Network and Security Foundations Study Guide Use this study guide as an aid to assist you in understanding the 3 competencies that this course will cover. It is important that you read the whole course. You will need to understand all the topics listed in this study guide and reading the course is going to provide that context to help with that. Another great aid for understanding what is discussed in this course are the cohorts that we offer. I would highly recommend signing up and attending the cohorts. For exam know the following well: OSI and TCP/IP models Network commands: ipconfig; nmap; etc Different networks: WAN, WLAN etc and what they do Scenarios for CIA and AAA – practice test on course tips is helpful Firewalls (packet filtering, stateful, proxy server, application Switches, repeater, hubs, routers, modems Know some about the different cables and uses Topologies such as star, bus, mesh, ring Type 1 and 2 hypervisor SAAS , private/public cloud Insider threats The different types of attacks and mitigation for them – a lot on test on this Watch the Professor messor videos for OSI and TCP/IP models Unit 2: Introduction to Networking Concepts OSI Model & TCP/IP Model OSI (Open System Interconnection) Model Use the mnemonic: A Penguin Said That Nobody Drinks Peps Layer What happens at each layer? Layer 7 Application PDA - Data Characteristic Components: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS This is the layer we see Your Eyes= Functions: Support for applications Ex: Work, Excel, Web browser Layer 6 Presentation PDA - Data Characteristic Components: Application encryption (SSL/TLS) Often combined with the Application Layer at layer 7 Function: Data format translation, data compression, and data encryption/decryption take place at this layer Layer 5 Session PDA - Data Characteristic Components: Controls protocols, tunneling protocols Links the presentation to the transport layer Communication management between devices ● Authentication and Authorization take place here ● Responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating a connection between two systems. ● Where you use Controls protocols= or Tunneling protocols= between one device or another Layer 4 Transport Segments Characteristic Components: TCP segment, UDP Datagram Sometimes referred to as the Post Office= layer ● Describes how data is being delivered & where it is being delivered into a system – inbound or outbound ● IP source and destination address. ● Data encapsulation and de-encapsulation Data encapsulation- the process of adding additional information when data is traveling in OSI or TCP/IP model. The additional info has been added on the senders’ side, starting from the application layer to the physical layer Protocols used at layer 4 are TCP/UDP ● Used when accessing a web page but the web page itself is so large that you can send all the data across the network in a single frame instead of splitting it up in sept frames and sending those individual pleases across the network, where they are put back together on the other side. TCP - IS RELIABLE in terms of delivery- it verifies the data and resends it if not delivered (preferred in text & image data) UDP – NOT RELIABLE – does not guarantee redelivery of the data (Preferred in Audio streaming) Layer 3 Network Packets Characteristic Components: IP Address, Router, Packet Sometimes referred to as a Routing= layer ● Associated with the IP Address – which specifies the format of packets & addressing scheme in networking communication ● Encapsulated with Ethernet frames being sent over the network ● Fragments frames to traverse different networks Examples: Routers and Layer 3 Switches Layer 2 Data Link Frames Characteristic Components: Ethernet Frame, MAC address, Network Switch & Extended Unique Identifier (EUI-48, EUI-64) Sometimes referred to as the Switching= layer ● The foundation of communication is located here Data Link Control (DLC) Protocol ● MAC (Media Access Control) address on Ethernet Ex: Switches and bridges Switch: forwards frames between network segments