NURS 488 Final Practice Questions

NURS 488 Final Practice Questions The nurse is planning to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which is the only solution with which PRBCs can be administered? a) 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution b) 0.9% sodium chloride c) 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride d) 5% dextrose in water - ANSWER - B - Rationale: Blood products should be given only with 0.9% sodium chloride. A solution of 5% dextrose in water will cause hemolysis of the blood product. A patient requires transfusion with fresh frozen plasma (FFP). What condition is noted on the patient's medical record? a) Coagulation disorder b) Anemia c) Previous transfusion reaction d) Hypovolemic shock - ANSWER - A A 78-year-old patient is in the recovery room after lengthy hip surgery. While gradually awakening, the patient requests pain medication. Within 10 minutes after receiving a dose of morphine sulphate, the patient is very lethargic; respiration is shallow, at a rate of nine respirations per minute. What necessary action may the nurse need to perform? a) Administration of naloxone, an opioid reversal agent b) Immediate intubation and artificial ventilation c) Close observation for signs of opioid tolerance d) Administration of an agonist opioid, such as fentanyl (Duragesic Mat) - ANSWER - A Which is a true statement about the administration of potassium? a) The concentration of potassium in intravenous solutions should not exceed 60 mmol/L. b) When given intravenously, potassium must always be given in diluted form. c) Oral forms should be given on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. d) The intravenous rate should not exceed 30 mmol/hr. - ANSWER - B A patient has been diagnosed with shingles and is experiencing postherpetic neuralgia. What would the nurse expect to administer for pain relief? a) Transdermal lidocaine (EMLA®) b) Naloxone hydrochloride c) Tramadol hydrochloride (Ultram®) d) Fentanyl (Duragesic MAT®) - ANSWER - A A patient recovering from an appendectomy also has asthma and allergies to shellfish and iodine. To manage the patient's postoperative pain, the physician has prescribed PCA with hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Which vital sign is of greatest concern? a) Temperature b) Pulse c) Respirations d) Blood Pressure - ANSWER - C Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with a history of which condition? a) Burns b) Cardiac Tachydysrhythmias c) Kidney disease d) Diarrhea - ANSWER - C