Midterm Pathophysiology WCU with 100% Verified and Updated Solutions

Midterm Pathophysiology WCU with 100% Verified and Updated Solutions Etiology -Answer-cause & reason behind the disease Idiopathic -Answer-cause is unknown Iatrogenic -Answer-medically induced -cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment -results from an infection while in hospital -can be caused by medication Risk factor -Answer-A factor that when present increases the likelihood of disease Pathogenesis -Answer-Development or evolution of disease from initial stimulus to ultimate expression of manifesting of disease Symptoms -Answer-subjective feeling of abnormality in the body Signs -Answer-Objective or observed manifestation of disease Syndrome -Answer-a set of signs and symptoms not yet determined to delineate a disease and occur together Latent period -Answer-time between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and FIRST appearance of signs/or symptoms Prodomal period -Answer-time during which first signs and/or symptoms appear or onset of disease occurs Latent period (2) -Answer-Also refers to a period during an illness when signs/symptoms temporarily become mild or silent Subclinical stage -Answer-patient functions normally; disease processes are well established. Acute clinical course -Answer-short-lived; may have severe manifestation Chronic clinical course -Answer-may last months to years, sometimes following an acute course Illness and disease do not? -Answer-Always coexist. Illness is the symptomatic and debilitating stage of a disease. -Lytic -Answer-break down of the clot. Syphilis -Answer-Can occur between latent & prodromal period and between prodromal and latent period. Remission -Answer-decrease in severity, signs, or symptoms; may indicate disease is cured. Exacerbation -Answer-increase in severity,signs, or symptoms Sequela -Answer-Subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an acute illness. EX: placing a cast on someone then removing it and results in joint stiffness Statistical normality -Answer-estimate of diseases in a normal population, based on bell shape curve Reliability -Answer-Test's ability to give the same results in repeated measurements Validity -Answer-degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of what it intends to measure Predictive value -Answer--Extent to which a test can differentiate between presence or absence of a persons condition. -A test. Sensitivity -Answer-probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with a particular condition. -A true positive Specificity -Answer-Probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person without a particular condition -A true negative Gender differences -Answer-relevant in both in health and disease EX: hemoglobin, sex & growth hormones Situational differences -Answer-determine whether a derivation from normal should be considered abnormal or an adaptation mechanism. EX: RBC's count increases when a person moves to a high altitude. Time variations -Answer-may impact how the body responds from day to night or at varying times. EX: hormones & body temp are higher in the AM Growth hormones released while sleeping Epidemiology -Answer-study of the patterns of disease involving populations Endemic disease -Answer-native to a local region Epidemic disease -Answer-Spread to many people at the same time EX: SARS Pandemic disease -Answer-spread to large geographic results Factors affecting patterns of disease -Answer--Age -Ethnic group -Gender -Socioeconomic factors/lifestyle considerations -Geographic location Primary Prevention -Answer-altering susceptibility, reducing exposure for susceptible persons EX: public places, saying no to drugs & abstinence from sex Secondary -Answer-early detection, screening