Foundations Final Review 2024 complete update

Foundations Final Review 2024 complete update When should you wash your hands -When you arrive in the unit -When you leave the unit -before and after restroom -before and after client contact -before and after contact with client belongings What are the hand washing guidelines -Wash for at least 20 sec in nonsurgical setting, 2-6 mins in surgical setting -remove jewelry and clean under fingernails -use bactericidal solution or use water if hands are visibly soiled -use warm water, apply soap to wt hands, use friction, rinse soap, towel or hand dry PPE for contact precautions clean gown and glove PPE for droplet precautions clean gloves and gown add a surgical mask and eye protection if going within 3ft of client PPE for airborne precautions clean gloves and gown N-95 surgical mask for patient to wear during transport googles PPE for protective precaution ppe to protect the patient mask nurse not assigned to other patients with infection What are examples of non-pharmacological measures for pain management Acupuncture + Acupressure Massage Hot/Cold therapy Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation Contralateral stimulation Oral sucrose Immobilization Unrelieved pain- Endocrine system can increase/decrease the release of hormones Inflammatory response Unrelieved pain- Cardiovascular Increase HR and BP hyper coagulation that leads to heart attack Unrelieved pain- musculoskeletal prevent ADLs, muscle atrophy, immobile, pressure injuries Unrelieved pain-respiratory Increased respiratory rate that could lead to respiratory acidosis Unrelieved pain- Genitourinary Acute renal injury Fluid overload Unrelieved pain- gastrointestinal diarrhea Types of transfer devices Transfer board (helps reduce risk) Mechanical Lift (mostly for homecare and obese or immoblie pts) Transfer belt Isometric exercise Muscle contraction w/o motion ex: pressing hands against wall Isotonic Exercsie Movement of joint during contraction ex: weight training with free weights Isokinetic Exercise Preformed with special apparatus that provides variable resistance to movement ex: isometrics with weight training Aerobic Exercise Requires energy from metabolic pathways that use O2 ex: jogging Anaerobic Exercise rapid and intense, o2 into body does not meet required amount to preform activity ex: lifting heavy object Exercise and older adults older adults do the least amount of exercise. Exercise lowers risk for heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, colon/breast cancers and depression Fall preventions in home Nonskid shoes, tidy clothes, proper lighting, grab bars/rails, no scatter rugs Fall preventions in Healthcare facility Fall risk assessment, environmental safety, clean dry floors, client education What is critical thinking? A combination of: Reasoned thinking, openness to alternatives, ability to reflect, a desire to seek truth Evaluation phase of nursing process Final step of nursing process evaluate: client's progression toward goals effectiveness of nursing care plan quality of care in the healthcare setting ,.................................................continued................................................................