RN Targeted Medical Surgical Endocrine Online Practice Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2024

A home health nurse is assessing a client who requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy for the treatment of hypothyroidism. The client has not been taking the medication regularly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - Answer-hypotension Hypotension is an expected finding of hypothyroidism, along with bradypnea, dysrhythmias, cold intolerance, and cool, dry skin. A nurse is assessing a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - Answer-sodium 110 mEq/L A client who has SIADH retains fluids, which causes dilutional hyponatremia. a nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for a vanillylmandelic acid test to screen for pheochromocytoma. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - Answer-"Restrict coffee intake 2 to 3 days prior to the test." The client should avoid coffee and tea, even if they are decaffeinated, bananas, chocolate, and vanilla for 2 to 3 days prior to the test. A nurse is caring for a client following a thyroidectomy. The nurse should assess for which of the following findings as an indication of hypocalcemia? - Answer-tingling and numbness of the hands and feet Hypocalcemia causes paresthesia, which usually starts in the hands and feet. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include as an expected finding of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? - Answer-blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL are an expected finding of DKA. Levels above 600 mg/dL are an expected finding in a client who is in a hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state.A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following results should the nurse expect? - Answer-pH 7.32, PaCO2 36 mmHg, HCO3 14 mEq/L Metabolic acidosis is a common manifestation of DKA, with a low pH, carbon dioxide within the expected reference range, and low bicarbonate. A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include? (SATA) - Answer-osteoporosis moon-shaped face increased risk of infection -Osteoporosis is correct. Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy due to the suppression of bone formation and the acceleration of bone resorption that corticosteroid therapy can cause. -Moon-shaped face is correct. Long-term corticosteroid therapy causes characteristics of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, including a moon-shaped face, a potbelly, and a buffalo hump. -Increased risk of infection is correct. Increased risk of infection is an adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroid therapy reduces the phagocytic actions of macrophages and neutrophils, suppressing the immune system. a nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is experiencing a hyperglycemichyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - Answer-serum pH 7.45 A client who is experiencing HHS produces enough insulin to prevent ketosis but not enough to prevent hyperglycemia. Therefore, the serum pH is within the expected reference range. Glucose levels will be above 600 mg/dL. A nurse is teaching a client about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? - Answer-"This test's result is a good indicator of my average blood glucose levels." HbA1c reflects the client's glucose levels over a 120-day period, which is the life span of RBCs. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling anxious. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the client is hypoglycemic? - Answer-cool, clammy skinHypoglycemia causes cool, clammy skin, in addition to anxiety, nervousness, tachycardia, and confusion. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has diabetes insipidus and requires intranasal desmopressin. Which of the following information should the nurse include? - Answer-"report nocturia because it requires a dosage adjustment." The client should take the initial dose of desmopressin in the evening. The provider will increase the dosage until the client no longer has nocturia. A nurse is managing the care of a client who is postoperative and has acute adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Answer-administer IV hydrocortisone sodium Hydrocortisone sodium is necessary to replace the cortisol deficiency that occurs with adrenal insufficiency.