Straighterline Nutrition 101

STRAIGHTERLINE NUTRITION 101 FINAL EXAM VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED What is the major monosaccharide found in the human body? - ans�� glucose Which of these is a complex carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the human digestive process? - ans�� fiber What is the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010? - ans�� to help Americans choose an overall healthful diet How much moderate-intensity exercise is recommended in order to decrease an individual's risk of chronic disease? - ans�� 30 minutes per day What is an advantage of fat as a source of fuel for exercise? - ans�� It supplies more than twice the energy of carbohydrates In the human body, when is glycogen synthesis greatest? - ans�� immediately following exercise* what is the first step in the production of energy from food? - ans�� anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm a cell's genetic material is contained in its - ans�� nucleus the primary functions of epithelial tissue in the lining of the respiratory tract are to - ans�� secrete important substances, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste* what happens in the human body when too much Vitamin C is consumed via supplements? - ans�� It is excreted in the feces and urine what substances manufactured by the endocrine glands act as chemical messengers in the body? - ans�� hormones what is the term for the partially digested food mixture as it leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine? - ans�� chyme how does the body regulate blood glucose levels after a meal? - ans�� insulin is released from the pancreas which of these is the only animal-derived food that contains a significant amount of carbohydrates? - ans�� milk which enzyme breaks down carbohydrate? - ans�� amylase what product is formed as a result of the incomplete breakdown of fat when carbohydrates are not available to the body? - ans�� ketones which type of fats can raise the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level in the blood? - ans�� saturated which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? - ans�� blood pressure 138/89 mg HG* if a 100-calorie serving of food has 10 grams of fat, what percentage of the calories in that food is fat? - ans��90% plant proteins are considered incomplete when they are missing which of these? - ans��essential amino acids edema can be caused by a lack of which substance in the bloodstream? - ans��protein the enzymatic digestion of protein begins in the - ans�� stomach based on the RDA, how many grams of protein would a healthy 125-pound woman need daily? - ans�� 46 which of the following is closely correlated with an increase in basal metabolic rate? - ans��having greater lean body mass* joe is 25 years old and weighs 154 pounds. What would be Joe's 24-hour estimated basal metabolic rate? - ans��1680 kcal/24 hours* which term refers to the minimum amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest? - ans��basal metabolism what theory proposes that everyone has a genetically determined body weight that is maintained through internal controls? - ans��set point theory in which list are all of the vitamins fat-soluble? - ans��Vitamins A,D,E,K what is the primary role of vitamin D in the body? - ans��to help regulate calcium and bone metabolism where is most vitamin A stored in the body? - ans��liver which vitamin is synthesized in the skin with exposure to UVB rays? - ans��vitamin D iron absorption is enhanced by the consumption of - ans��oranges why does an increase in energy expenditure require an increase in B complex vitamins? - ans��they are involved in carb, fat, and protein metabolism what compound is necessary for the absorption of Vitamin B-12? - ans��intrinsic factor