MDC2 FINAL EXAM PREP questions and answers verified 100%

MDC2 FINAL EXAM PREP questions and answers verified 100% A high obstruction can lead to which type of imbalance? - Metabolic alkalosis A low obstruction can lead to which type of imbalance? - Metabolic acidosis Strangulated obstruction and peritonitis are complications of what disorder? - Bowel obstruction In bowel obstruction, the higher the obstruction, the quicker... - the symptoms What would the nurse expect to hear in the abdomen of a patient with a bowel obstruction? - It would be high pitched at first then silent Mechanical obstructions in the small bowel can present as... - Abd discomfort with visible peristatic waves, distention, nausea early and profuse vomiting , obstipation, electrolyte imbalance & metabolic alkalosis Mechanical obstructions in the large bowel can present as... - Lower abd cramps, distention, MINIMAL OR NO vomiting, obstipation or RIBBON like still, no major fluid or electrolyte imbalances, metabolic ACIDOSIS Prevention of fecal impaction includes - Eat high fiber foods Drink lots of water NO ROUTINE laxative Regular exercise Colorectal cancer are prevalent among which type of ethnicity - african american Colonoscopys are done every - 10 years Fecal occult blood test are done - every year S/S for colorectal cancer - rectal bleeding anemia change in stool consistency, shape transverse/descending colon may have obstruction, gas pain, cramping, incomplete evacuation, rectosigmoid colon may have hematochezia, straining, narrowing stools, dull pain Hematochezia of the rectosigmoid colon can happen in what type of disorder - colorectal cancer What are the diagnostic tests associated with colorectal cancer - Low Hgb/Hct, CT/MRI, Positive FOBT, Sigmoidscopy /colonoscopy, double contrast barium enema, elevated carcino embryonic antigen test (tests for protein) Surgical management for colorectal cancer - Colon resection, colectomy, colostomy, ileostomy, abdominoperineal resection A stoma should protrude about - 3/4 of an inch After surgery, a stoma will function after - 2-3 days What should the nurse educate to a patient on how to care for their new stoma? - Protect skin, nutrition, what the stool consistency should be, signs of necrosis, unusual bleeding, mucocutaneous seperation, condition of peristomal skin IBS is characterized by - Chronic diarrheam constipation, pain, bloating A patient asks you how did they get IBS, how do you respond? - There is no known etiology What can worsen IBS? - Diet, stress and anxiety will exacerbate What are some food intolerances for a person with IBS? - Diary products, raw fruits, grains What should you educate a patient with IBS on diet? - They should consume 30- 40g/day of fiber. 8-10 glasses of water, regular meals, chew food slowly What medications are to be considered for a patient with IBS - bulkforming laxatives, antidiarrheals, TCA What are some complimentary considerations for a person with IBS? - Stress management, daily probiotics, peppermint oil capsules How do you manage hemorrhoids? - Prevent constipation and increase water&fiber What is malabsorption syndrome? - Inflammation or intrinsic disease What nursing interventions should be implemented for someone with peritonitis? - Monitor vitals