NY State Waxing License Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Largest organ of the body - Answer Skin One-celled microorganism with both plant and animal characteristics - Answer Bacteria An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as bacteria or other germs - Answer Microscope A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease - Answer Pathogen Infection transmitted from one person to another - Answer Communicable Pus forming bacteria in the shape of a string of beads - Answer Streptococci Sphere-shaped pathogenic bacteria that appear singly or in groups - Answer Cocci Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and can cause diseases such as pneumonia - Answer Diplococci Fluid contained within outer cell wall of bacteria - Answer Protoplasm Rod-shaped bacteria which caused an outbreak at a pedicure salon because of improper disinfection of a whirlpool foot bath - Answer Mycobacterium fortuitum furunculosis What are the two stages of a bacteria's life cycle? - Answer Active and spore-forming (inactive) stage Process by which bacteria divide into two new cells - Answer Mitosis The invasion and growth of germs in the body - Answer Infection This fluid is a sign of a bacterial infection in the body: - Answer Pus A common human bacteria that can transfer through skin to skin contact or unclean implements - Answer Staphylococci What is the term for harmless (non-disease forming) germs? - Answer Non-pathogenic A disease spread from person to person by contact is called what? - Answer Contagion A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell - Answer Virus Virus that causes AIDS - Answer HIV Organism that lives in or on another living organism and draws nutrients but do nothing beneficial for the host - Answer Parasite Disease-causing bacteria or viruses which are carried through blood - Answer Bloodborne pathogens A contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite - Answer Scabies Immunity achieved by infection, vaccination, or the transfer of antibodies from an immune donor - Answer Acquired immunity Three steps of decontamination - Answer Sanitation, disinfection, sterilization A process that eliminates many or all microorganisms, with the exception of bacteria spores, from inanimate objects - Answer Disinfection What does MSDS stand for? - Answer Material Safety Data Sheet Disinfecting solutions must have the correct _________ to meet salon requirements for use against bacteria, fungi, and viruses - Answer Efficacy Items which cannot be disinfected and must be discarded after use - Answer Single-use items Quaternary ammonium compounds are knows as ______ for short - Answer Quats Most commonly used antiseptic - Answer 70% isopropyl alcohol Implement which should be used to remove instruments from a disinfection solution - Answer Tongs This tool does not need to be disposed of after one use - Answer Nippers What is the first step in the decontamination process? - Answer Sanitation What is one important step every human can do to prevent the transfer of microorganisms? - Answer Hand washing Medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, its functions and diseases - Answer Dermatology Thickened skin caused by continued pressure on any part of the body - Answer Callus Thinnest skin is located here - Answer Eyelids Outer-most layer of skin that forms the protective covering of the body - Answer Epidermis The deepest layer of the epidermis (the basal cell layer) - Answer stratum germinativum Composed of several layers of different shaped cells and responsible for growth of epidermis - Answer stratum germinativum This layer of the epidermis is also called the basal layer - Answer stratum germinativum Clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum. - Answer stratum lucidum Layer of epidermis composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; replaces cells shed from stratum corneum - Answer stratum granulosum Special cells that produce dark skin pigment - Answer Melanin AKA the horny layer - skin that we see and is treated by the practitioner - Answer stratum corneum Fiber protein contained in hair, skin, and nails - Answer Keratin Inner layer of skin which is also called the corium, cutis, or true skin - Answer Dermis 2 layers of the dermis - Answer papillary and reticular The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis - Answer epidermal-dermal junction innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue - Answer subcutaneous layer This involuntary muscle is responsible for goosebumps - Answer arrector pili Outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis - Answer papillary layer Provides skin color and absorbs UV radiation - Answer Melanin Produces yellow or red pigments in the hair - Answer Pheomelanin Gives skin its form and strength - Answer Collagen Gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape - Answer Elastin Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles - Answer Sebaceous glands When sebum hardens and the pore becomes clogged it's called this - Answer Comedone A medication used to treat acne and sun-damaged skin - Answer Retinoic acid Water composes how much of the body weight? - Answer 50-70% The principal functions of the skin - Answer Protection, sensation, heat regulation, excretion, secretion, absorption Finger-like projections located at the base of the hair follicle - Answer Dermal papilla Substance secreted by the sebaceous gland - Answer Sebum Part of the hair that projects above the skin - Answer Hair shaft Tube like depression that contains the hair root - Answer Follicle Thickened, club-like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root - Answer Hair bulb 3 layers of the hair shaft are the - Answer Cuticle, cortex and medulla Transparent scale-like layer of the hair shaft that looks like shingles on a roof - Answer Cuticle layer Fibrous layer of the hair that contains melanin and gives hair its color - Answer Cortex layer What are the COHNS elements? - Answer The five elements- carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur- that make up human hair, skin, tissue, and nails. Natural hair color is the result of what? - Answer Melanin located in the cortex Term used to describe the shape of the hair strand - Answer Wave pattern Thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred to as hair... - Answer Texture Short, fine, downy hair that helps with efficient evaporation of perspiration is called... - Answer Vellus hair 3 stages of hair growth - Answer Anagen, catagen, and telogen Resting or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed... - Answer Telogen phase Excessive hair growth, over and above the normal for the age, sex and race of an individual - Answer Hypertrichosis Acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain - Answer Furuncle (boil) Electricity is a form of ________ but does not occupy space or have physical or chemical properties - Answer Energy This metal is a good conductor of electricity - Answer Copper A path of electricity which goes from its source, along a route, and back to its original source. - Answer Complete circuit Rubber, silk, wood, and glass are common examples of: - Answer Insulators Even-flowing electrical current that travels in one direction only - Answer Direct current Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current - Answer Converter Electric current which periodically reverses direction - Answer Alternating current Unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop - Answer Volt Term used to measure the strength of an electric current - Answer Amp Measurement of how much electricity is being used in 1 second - Answer Watt Electrical current for facial and scalp treatments is measured in ________ - Answer milliamperes Special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit and overloading the circuit - Answer Fuse Glass or metal applicator that directs electric current from a machine to the clients skin - Answer Electrode Indication of the negative or positive pole of an electric current is referred to as ______ - Answer Polarity The positively charged electrode by which electrons leave a device - Answer Anode What is the most commonly used electrical modality in cosmetology? - Answer galvanic current The infusion of a positive, product during iontophoresis - Answer Cataphoresis When a client has an unrecognizable skin disorder, they should be referred to a ___________ - Answer Physician Spot or discoloration of the skin neither raised nor sunken is known as a freckle or ________ - Answer macule Inflamed pimple containing pus - Answer Pustule Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing - Answer Crust