CCRN Renal (A+ Guaranteed)

A patient with chronic renal failure asks the nurse why he is anemic. the nurse explains that anemia accompanies chronic renal failure secondary to: A. blood loss via the urine B. renal insensitivity to vit a C. inadequate production of erythropoietin D. inadequate retention of serum iron correct answers C. inadequate production of erythropoietin the kidney is sensitive to oxygen saturations and secretes erythropoietin as needed to signal the bone marrow to m ake more RBC's. when the kidney fails, erthropoietin stops being produced and the patient becomes anemic. Functions of kidney include: A. formation of urine B. regulation of body water and electrolytes C. acid-base balance D. all of the above correct answers D. all of the above the kidney regulates many hormonal and electrolyte functions. the major functions are: formation of urine, regulation of body water and electrolytes, acid-base balabce, production of erythropoietin, and production of renin Renal regulation of homeostasis includes: A. excretion of metabolic waste B. promotion of perfusion C. secretion of anti-diuretic hormone D. absorption of vancomycin correct answers A. excretion of metabolic waste one of the major functions of the kidney is to remove waste products. perfusion is supported by cardiac function and volume status, secretion of ADH is from the pituitary, and absorption of vancomycin occurs at the tissue level- vancomycin is cleared via the kidney. The three processes of urine formation include: A. glomerular filtration, tubular filtration, and tubular secretion B. glomerular filteration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. C. glomerular filtration, water reabsorption, excretion of sodium D. glomerular filtration, water secretion,and sodium secretion. correct answers The formation of the urine begins with glomerular filtration-then the tubules reabsorb or secrete electrolytes and particles. those are the major processes. the tubules do not filtrate; sodium is regulated by multiple processes and is not a major process of the kidney funtion. water reabsorption is a function of tubular reabsorption or secretion. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR): A. equals about 180 liter/day B. equals about 125 liter/ minute C. Is often calculated by pharmacy and intensivists for drug administration D. All of the above correct answers D. All of the above