NR 503 Final exam 2023/2024

NR 503 Final exam A large medical center's oncology program reported an increased number of cases of pancreatic cancer during a certain month. The hospital's epidemiologist decided to research the problem. Tumor registry records were searched to identify all cases of pancreatic cancer during a five-year period; cancer patients were matched with patients treated for other diseases during the same five-year period. All subjects in the study were questioned about lifestyle factors including alcohol, tea, and coffee consumption. The resulting data are as follows: Note: Total number of male cancer patients = 200. Total number of female cancer patients = 150. Total number of male patients (other diseases) = 300. Total number of female patients (other diseases) = 300. Which number best approximates risk associated with alcohol Drinking in Men? - ANSWER 1.37 Examples of exposure data in ecologic studies include: - ANSWER a. Per capita income b. Mean ambient temperatures c. Smoking prevalence d. Per capita calorie intake True or False? Controls are needed in a case-control study to evaluate whether the frequency of a factor or past exposure among the cases is different from that among comparable persons who do not have the disease under investigation. - ANSWER True True or False? An ecologic study is one that examines a group as a unit of analysis. - ANSWER True As an epidemiologist you are going to investigate the effect of a drug suspected of causing malformations in newborn infants when the drug in question is taken by pregnant women during the course of their pregnancies. As your sample you will use the next 200 single births occurring in a given hospital. For each birth a medication history will be taken from the new mother and from her doctor; in addition, you will review medical records to verify use of the drug. [N.B.: These mothers are considered to have been followed prospectively during the entire course of their pregnancies, because a complete and accurate record of drug use was maintained during pregnancy.] The resultant data are: Forty mothers have taken the suspected drug during their pregnancies. Of these mothers, 35 have delivered malformed infants. In addition, 10 other infants are born with malfunctions. The relative risk between exposure to the drug and m - ANSWER 14