Basic Ophthalmology terms

Basic Ophthalmology terms PEDS 7051 Exam Review astigmatism - An irregularly shaped cornea that can cause blurred vision. Treatment: glasses if needed. blocked tear ducts - In some infants, the eyes overflow with tears and collect mucus. Treatment: 1) gentle massage of the tear duct. 2) surgery if unsuccessful. Cataract - A clouding of the lens. Treatment: Most must be surgically removed. Cataracts in infants and children are rare and usually unrelated to adult cataracts. Ptosis - Drooping eyelids caused by weakness in the muscle that opens the eyelid. Treatment: May require eyelid surgery if severe enough to cause amblyopia and poor vision development. Pseudostrabismus - Caused by a wide nasal bridge or extra folds of skin between the nose & eye, causing the eyes to falsely appear cross-eyed. Treatment: Monitor. Hyperopia - Farsightedness - Difficulty seeing close objects. A small amount of farsightedness is normal in babies and children. Treatment: If it becomes severe or causes the eyes to cross, glasses are needed. Glaucoma - A condition involving elevated intraocular pressure. Can cause blindness if untreated. Warning signs include photosensitivity, lacrimation, persistent pain, an enlarged eye, cloudy cornea, and lid spasm. Treatment: pediatric glaucoma usually requires surgery. Amblyopia - Lazy eye - reduced vision from lack of use in an otherwise normal eye. Often caused by poor focusing or misaligned eyes. Treatment: Applying a patch or special eye drops to the "good" eye. Others include glasses or eye muscle surgery.......