PHI Exam 3 Questions With Correct Answers

Deontology - Answer Study of duty or obligation Kant believes: - Answer There is something intrinsically good Obtaining the good depends on whats right What is right depends on what we are universally and necessarily obligated to do. We are duty bound to preform something we can truly know. Morality is objective, certain, and rational. Natural Capacities - Answer Intelligence, Physical ability, Skills External goods - Answer Power, wealth, health, fame, happiness. Good will: - Answer because of our natural capacities and/or external goods, can all be used for bad as well as good they all have conditional value and can only be good if done by something unconditionally good. Intrinsic good: - Answer good without qualification, unconditionally good, good in itself a good will is the highest good because - Answer it is the only thing that is valuable in itself and the only thing upon which the value of anything depends. the moral worth of an action - Answer only accords with the pure duty out of which it was done. when we are deciding upon the right course of action - Answer we most do so purely from duty. maxim - Answer a rule of conduct. only a rule of conduct that is universal, necessary, and unconditional can command us to act from pure duty because it imposes a categorical imperative. imperative - Answer a rule imposed on a subject. such as a command that demands obedience. duty - Answer responsibility, obligation. reason demands that we act purely from duty inclination - Answer desire, incentive, interest. Because inclination involves what we have a desire to do, it does not necessarily issue from a good will, may not be right, and does not necessarily involve rational obligation. therefore no action done from inclination can have moral value. hypothetical imperatives - Answer particular, relative, and conditional commands.