BIO 1A03 Test 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed

BIO 1A03 Test 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis each gene contains the information needed to make an enzyme What did George Beadle and Edward Tatum research? Relationship between genes and proteins using the Neurospora Crassa One gene-one enzyme hypothosis (Neuroposa Example) Neurospora can grow well on minimal medium (simple sugar, vitamins, inorganic salts), and therefore it must have enzymes produced by a certain gene that that transform these materials into amino acids and vitamins needed for growth. Metabolic pathway of Arginine Precursor, Ornithine, Citrulline, Arginine Adrian Srb and Norman Horowitz Radiation treated neurospora to create mutations in DNA code. They identified three mutants Medium supplemented with arginine POSITIVE CONTROL (Growth) Non-supplemented medium No Growth Exceptions to one gene one enzyme hypothesis More than one protein can be produced from a single gene - post translational modification of proteins allows for the production of diverse proteins with specific roles What allows of the synthesis of a polypeptide chain during translation? GTP-dependent factors Where does the majority of glucose absorption take place? Microvilli cells of the small intestine How many amino acids are translated from the insulin gene 110 amino acids How many chains is a functional insulin protein made of? 2 (alpha and beta) Alpha chain 21 amino acids Beta chain 30 amino acids Preproinsulin Protein cleaved to become proinsulin which is cleaved to become insulin How do you get from preproinsulin to proinsulin Cleavage of the n-terminal signal sequence Proinsulin to insulin Undergoes folding, goes from rough ER to Golgi, where cleavage of c-chain occurs List postranslational modifications Cleavage, phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation Phosporylation The adding of a phospate to a molecule using kinase enzyme Receptors Proteins that receive and interpret messages from signalling molecules dimerization pairing of two receptor-hormone complexes glucose transporters proteins that assist in the transport of glucose molecules across cell membranes location of translation cytoplasm Number of anticodon loops on tRNA 3 Direction of