Intro Psychology Clep

Lawrence is pessimistic, rigid and moody. In terms of Hans Eysenck's personality dimensions, Lawrence would be classified as - Answer-Unstable - Introverted The key distinction between a personality trait and an attitude is - Answer-Durability A diagnosis of schizophrenia typically includes what symptom? - Answer-Delusions The term etiology refers to the study of what aspects of an illness? - Answer-Origins and causes An obsession is defined as - Answer-an unwanted thought A somatization disorder is characterized chiefly by - Answer-physical complaints Personality disorders are characterized by - Answer-Inflexible and maladapive responses to stress, and problematic social relationships. Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy has indicated that - Answer-non- directive techniques are generally superior to directive ones. What kind of therapy attempts to correct irrational beliefs that lead to psychological distress? - Answer-Cognitive An individual undergoing psychotherapy shows improvement due only to that person's belief in the therapy and not because of the therapy itself. This result illustrates a - Answer-Placebo effect What can be a significant side effect of electroconvulsive therapy? - Answer- Temporary loss of memory Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's) are used primarily in the treatment of what? - Answer-Depression Similarity, proximity, and familiarity are important determinants of - Answer￾friendship formation (attraction) The bystander effect has been explained as - Answer-Diffusion of responsibility According to Robert Sternberg, love is composed of - Answer-Intimacy, passion, commitment Job satisfaction has an inverse relationship with - Answer-turnover An attribution that focuses on an individual's ability or personality characteristics is described as - Answer-personal or dispositional Can a test be reliable without being valid? - Answer-Yes "The focus of psychological science is the attempt to relate overt responses to observable environmental stimuli." This statement is most closely associated with what approach? - Answer-Behavioral Which type of research design is most appropriate for establishing a cause - and - effect relationship between two variables? - Answer-Experimental The science of psychology is typically dated from the establishment of the late nineteenth century Leipzig laboratory of? - Answer-Wilhelm Wundt Which control procedure would be most appropriate in evaluating the behavioral change produced by a drug? - Answer-Placebo The statement " Response latency is the number of seconds that elapses between the stimulus and the response." This is an example of? - Answer-An Operational Definition The release of a neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft is cause by? - Answer-An Action Potential A neuron is said to be polarized when - Answer-It is in a resting state. Down syndrome is cause by - Answer-An extra chromosome According to current psychological research, hypnosis is most useful for what purpose? - Answer-Pain control Checking the coin return every time one passes a pay telephone or a vending machine is a type of behavior probably being maintained by what type of reinforcement? - Answer-Variable ratio only. Making the amount of time a child can spend playing video games contingent on the amount of time the child spends practicing the piano is an illustration of - Answer- Operant Conditioning What strategy would undermine the effectiveness of punishment? - Answer- Delaying punishment A teacher tells a child to sit down in class. Over the course of several days, the child is standing up more and more frequently, only to be told to sit down each time. It is most likely that the teacher's reprimands are serving as - Answer-A reinforcer Which of the following is a secondary enforcer? Food, Warmth, Water, Money, or Sex? - Answer-Money