HESI Pharmacology Practice Test questions and answers well illustrated.

HESI Pharmacology Practice Test questions and answers well illustrated. The nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to assess? A. Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine rich foods B. Reports of nausea or vomiting C. Therapeutic serum drug levels D. Blood pressure and pulse prior to taking each dose - correct answers.A The nurse is administering haloperidol 0.5 mg IM PRN to a client for the first time. What side effects should the nurse assess thr client during the initial dose? A. Bradykinesia B. Dystonia C. Somatization D. Akathisia - correct answers.B While reviewing the client's electronic medical record (EMR), the nurse assesses a client who is at risk for a possible interaction with an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. Which client health history should the nurse report to the health care provider concerning the OTC medication? (Select all that apply) A. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) B. Closed angle glaucome C. Chronic hypertension D. Rheumatoid arthritis E. Crohn's disease - correct answers.B,C A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first? A. Withhold the medication and report symptoms and vital signs to the healthcare provider B. Give PRN medication for nausea and vomiting and evaluate client in 30 minutes C. reassure client that the ipratropium given will alleviate the symptoms D. Delay administration of ipratropium until the next maintenance medication is scheduled - correct answers.A A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and shooting pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the nurse to administer? A. High dose methylprednisolone intravenously B. Baclofen three times a day C. Broad spectrum antibiotic coverage orally D. Immunomodulatory drug therapy periodically - correct answers.A The nurse administers 30 mL of lactulose for a client with stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. Which assessment finding would indicate the medication is being therapeutic? A. A decrease in blood ammonia levels B. A softening in the stools C. An increase in glucose absorption D. A suppression of gut acidification - correct answers.A The nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about neutral protamine Hagedor (NPH) insulin. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of how the medication works? A. It facilitates the transport of glucose into the cells B. It stimulates the function of beta cells in the pancreas C. It increases the intracellular receptor site sensitivity D. It delays the carbohydrate digestion and absorption - correct answers.A The nurse should withhold which medication if a client reports nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea? A. Colchicine (Mitigare, Colcrys) B. Erythromycin (E-mycin) C. Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) D. Labetolol (Normodyne) - correct answers.A A client newly prescribed esomeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) asks the nurse how the medication will help. Which is the best explanation to provide the client? A. It will promote rapid tissue healing B. It will increase gastric emptying C. It will improve esophageal peristalsis D. It will neutralize gastric secretions - correct answers.A A nurse is providing medication education for a client prescribed a beta-blocking agent for treatment of glaucoma. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of the medication? A. It inhibits the aqueous humor production B. It enhances the aqueous humor outflow C. It increases the intraocular pressure D. It prevents extraocular infection - correct answers.A A nurse is planning a teaching session for a client newly prescribed a miotic drug for the treatment of glaucoma. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? A. The medication enhances the aqueous humor outflow B. The medication inhibits the aqueous humor production C. The medication dilates the pupils D. The medication prevents extraocular infection - correct answers.A The healthcare provider (HCP) prescribes a medication for an older adult client who is reporting insomnia, and the HCP instructs the client to return in two weeks. The nurse should question which prescription? A Zolpidem (Ambien) 10 milligrams orally at bedtime B. Eszopiclone (Lunesta) 10 milligrams orally at bedtime C. Temazepam (Restoril) 7.5 milligrams orally at bedtime D. Ramelteon (Rozerem) 8 milligrams orally at bedtime - correct answers.B A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and receives a prescription for esomeprazole (Nexium) 20 mg capsule daily. When providing this client with discharge teaching, the nurse should include which instruction? A. Drink fluids between meals to relieve gastric distress B. Monitor for an increase in blood pressure during therapy C. Dissolve capsule contents in fruit juice for easier ingestion D. Take at same time each day one hour before eating a meal - correct answers.D A client receives a new prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a synthetic quinolone. When teaching about this drug, which information in the client history requires special emphasis by the nurse? A. Snacks on dairy products such as yogurt or ice cream B. Previously had a mild allergic reaction to a cephalosporin C. Consumes alcoholic drinks occasionally on the weekends D. works twenty hours a week as a lifeguard at the local pool - correct answers.D The nurse administers the initial dose of a fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch to a client. Which assessment finding should the nurse use to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication? A. The absence of seizures B. The increase in lactation C. The presence of bowel sounds D. The number on the numeric pain scale - correct answers.D Based on the blood culture and sensitivity results, the healthcare provider prescribes an IV aminoglycoside antibiotic and discontinues the current prescription for another broad spectrum antibiotic. The medication administration record indicates that the client received the broad spectrum antibiotic two hours ago. Which action should the nurse implement? A. Obtain peak and trough serum levels so the aminoglycoside antibiotic can be initiated B. Administer the initial dose of the aminoglycoside - correct answers.B The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who recently received a prescription for clozapine (Clozaril). Which instruction should be included in this client's teaching plan? A. Avoid prolonged sun exposure B. Rise slowly from a lying position C. Do not eat any aged cheese D. Take as needed for anxiety - correct answers.B A client receives a new prescription for nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) tablets. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's teaching? A. Take the medication at least an hour before every meal B. Monitor your pulse for 60 seconds before administration C. Place under the tongue as needed every 5 minutes up to 3 times D. REsume normal activities after chest pain relief is obtained - correct answers.C Which side effects should the nurse monitor for a client who is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron) following neurosurgery? (select all that apply) A. Mood swings B. Decreased appetite C. Increased weight gain D. Serum glucose level of 65 mg/dl E. Delayed incisional wound healing F. Serum hemoglobin level of 9 mg/dl - correct answers.A,C,E,F A client prescribed sulfisoxazole for a urinary tract infection (UTI) reports nausea and gastric upset since starting the medication. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately? A. Rash B. Diarrhea C. Hematuria D. Muscle cramping - correct answers.A What teaching should the nurse provide a client who has received a new prescription for sildenafil (Viagra)? (select all that apply) A. Frequent use can lead to the development of hypertension B. Most effective if taken after at least 6 hours of REM sleep C. Take within 30 to 60 minutes of sexual stimulation D. Report rebound priapism that occurs for 4 hours or more E. Can cause facial flushing and headache - correct answers.C,D,E A client is administered an injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate (deop-provera). Which physical finding should the nurse instruct the client is an expected side effect of the medication? A. leg or calf pain B headaches or visual changes C. Vaginal bleeding or spotting D. Jaundice or angioedema - correct answers.C A client who is receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondnsetron (zofran). Which side effect should the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. headache B. dry mouth C. impaired taste D. blurred vision - correct answers.A A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease caused by Helicobacter pylori. Which medications should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider to prescribe for the client? (select all that apply) A. Clarithromycin (Biaxin) B. Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) C. Misoprostol (cytotec) D. Omeprazole (Prilosec) E. Metronidazole (Flagyl) F. Sucralfate (Carafate) - correct answers.A,D,E The nurse is preparing to administer esomeprazole to a client for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which finding in the client's history should the nurse hold the medication and notify the healthcare provider? A. Eats spicy food three times a week B. treatment for deep vein thrombosis C. drinks 2 alcoholic beverages on weekends D. Family history of diabetes mellitus - correct answers.B Which findings should the nurse identify in an adult client with possible chronic salicylate intoxication? A. tinnitus and hearing loss B. Photosensitivity and nervousness C Acute gastrointestinal bleeding and anorexia D. Hyperventilation and central nervous system effects - correct answers.A A client receives a prescription for tetracycline (sumycin). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching? A. Take the medication with a glass of orange juice B. Avoid over-the-counter medications containing alcohol C. Avoid dairy products for 2 hours after taking the medication D. Do not use teeth whitening agents during the treatment regimen - correct answers.C