Educational Research Chapter FINAL

Inductive Reasoning - Answer- Developing generalizations based on observation of a limited number of related events or experiences. Specifics to generalizations Deductive Reasoning - Answer- Arriving at specific conclusions based on general principles, observations, or experiences. General to specific Scientific Method - Answer- An orderly process that includes recognition and definition of a problem, formulation of a hypothesis, collection of data, analysis of data, and statement of conclusions Problems With the Scientific Method - Answer- It cannot answer all problems, it cannot capture the richness of the environment under study, and all measuring instruments have a degree of error Problems With Educational Inquiry - Answer- There are many ethical concerns and responsibilities that may skew results, and much research may be done beforehand Quantitative Research - Answer- The collection and analysis of numerical data to describe, explain, predict, or control phenomena of interest Features of Quantitative Research - Answer- The researcher maintains control over contextual features, has little personal interaction with participants, and collects data in a non-interactive manner Types of Quantitative Research - Answer- Survey research, correlational research, casual-comparative research, and experimental research Survey Research - Answer- Determines and reports the way things are; it involves collecting numerical data to test hypotheses or answer questions about the current status of the subject of study Correlational Research - Answer- Involves collecting data to determine whether, and to what degree, a relation exists between two or more quantifiable variables Variable - Answer- A placeholder that can assume any one of a range of values; for example, intelligence, height, and test score Correlation - Answer- A quantitive measure of the degree of correspondence Correlation Coefficient - Answer- A number between -1.00 and +1.00 that measures the level to which to variables are related. (0.00=no relationship; -1.00=negatively correlated; +1.00=positively correlated