ARE 5.0 Programming & Analysis Latest 2023 100% Pass

ARE 5.0 Programming & Analysis Latest 2023 100% Pass Turbine Square Civic spaces organized around a pinwheel arrangement of streets. Garden City Concept Ebenezer Howard's attempt to combine the best of city and country living in his town-country idea. First put forth in 1898. Satellite Towns Smaller towns dependent on larger towns nearby for business. Cite Industrielle Proposed by Tony Garnier in 1917. A city plan that included separate zones for residential, public, industrial, and agricultural uses, linked by separated circulation paths for vehicles and pedestrians. One of the first plans to emphasize the idea of zoning. Gridiron Street System Regularly planned public open spaces and uniform spacing and setback of buildings. The city of Philadelphia (established in 1682), along with many other early towns, used this planning system. Ward A plot of land about 600ft square. Township A six mile by six mile piece of land. Section Townships are divided into 36 1-mile square pieces of land. New Town Concept Started in Great Britain in the 1940's, it is an extension of the idea that entirely new communities can be built away from the crowding and ugliness of existing cities. New Urbanism A more recent planning philosophy that attempts to counter the many undesirable aspects of city development, including suburban sprawl, reliance on the automobile, environmental deterioration, housing segregation, loss of farmland, and single-use development. Expanding Grid A pattern of urban development where the city begins at the junction of two major roads and is methodically laid out in a grid. Star Pattern A pattern of urban development where the city grows out of a dense urban core, with development following the radiating spokes of main highways and mass transit routes out of the center. Satellite Pattern A pattern of urban development where a large dense urban core is surrounded by other major urban areas. The areas are linked to the city in the center by major highways. Beltway A circular road system that connects satellite areas by making it possible to travel between them without going through the city in the center Field Pattern A pattern of urban development that has no central focus or apparent overall organization scheme. Megalopolis A form of urban development where two or more major urban centers near each other grow together as the space between is developed. Imageability The quality of a physical environment that evokes a strong image in the mind of a given observer. Can be a natural feature or a prominent building or structure. Path A way of circulation along which people customarily, occasionally or potentially move. May be a street, pedestrian walkway, railroad, transit line, or river. Edge A linear element that forms a boundary between two districts or that breaks continuity. Could be a shoreline, a line of buildings against a park, a wall, or a similar feature. District A two-dimensional area perceived as having some identifying character that distinguishes it from the surrounding city. Can be perceived from the inside, or can be identified as an element of the city from the outside. Node A focal point or center of interest that people can enter. Could be an intersection of paths, a place where the mode of transportation changes, a plaza or public square, or a center of a district. Landmark Similar to a node in that it is a reference point, but it is viewed from the exterior and may or may not be entered. Could be a tower, monument, building, or natural feature. Superblock A concept that minimizes the impact of the car on housing and allows the development of pedestrian circulation and park space within the block. Planned Unit Development (PUD) Each large parcel of land is designed to have a mix of uses - residential, commercial, recreational, and open space - and is designed with a variety of lot sizes and densities. Transit-Oriented Development Construction that takes place in areas surrounding transit stops; it usually includes a relatively high density of living units, commercial development, and other support services. Crime