SOIL
Q)1. What is soil?
Ans:- soil is the un-aggregated or uncemented deposited of minerals and organic or fragments covering
large portion of the Earth’s crust.
Q)2. How soil is formed?
Ans:- Soil is produced by the weathering of the soil rock. The formation of soil is taking place
continuously as a result of geological cycle. The cycle consist of weathering or derudation,
transportation, deposition and unheaval again followed by weathering and so on.
Weathering is caused by the physical agencies such as periodical temperature changes impact
and splitting action of flowing water,ice. Splitting action ice, plants and animals.
Cohesion less soil is formed due to physical disintegration of rocks.
Chemical weathering may be caused due to oxidation, hydration and leaching by organic acids
and water. Clay minerals are produced by chemical weathering.
MAJOR TYPE OF SOIL FOUND IN INDIA
1.LATERAL SOIL
* Characteristics – The term is derived from the world ‘later’ which means ‘brick’ this kind of soil
become soft when wet and hardness WHEN DRY.
*Composition – They are formed from the decomposition of rocks and certain iron oxide, which gives
them red or pink colour.
*Availability – Western and Eastern Vindhya malua plateau and satpura. The state where this type of soil
can be found in West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Meghalaya, Assam and odisha.
*Crops - Rice ,ragi, sugar cane, rubber, coconut,tea, coffee.
2. MOUNTAIN SOIL
*characteristics – They are formed due to the accumulation of organic matter which is generally shallow
in depth and immature.
*Composition – This type of soil are rich in humus but has poor line, potash and phosphorus contain.
*Availability – It is mainly fromed in the Himalayan region,Sikkim,Arunachal Pradesh,Assam and also in
penisular India and the eastern.
*Crops – Plantation of crops like tropical fruits, coffee, tea or spices.
Q)1. What is soil?
Ans:- soil is the un-aggregated or uncemented deposited of minerals and organic or fragments covering
large portion of the Earth’s crust.
Q)2. How soil is formed?
Ans:- Soil is produced by the weathering of the soil rock. The formation of soil is taking place
continuously as a result of geological cycle. The cycle consist of weathering or derudation,
transportation, deposition and unheaval again followed by weathering and so on.
Weathering is caused by the physical agencies such as periodical temperature changes impact
and splitting action of flowing water,ice. Splitting action ice, plants and animals.
Cohesion less soil is formed due to physical disintegration of rocks.
Chemical weathering may be caused due to oxidation, hydration and leaching by organic acids
and water. Clay minerals are produced by chemical weathering.
MAJOR TYPE OF SOIL FOUND IN INDIA
1.LATERAL SOIL
* Characteristics – The term is derived from the world ‘later’ which means ‘brick’ this kind of soil
become soft when wet and hardness WHEN DRY.
*Composition – They are formed from the decomposition of rocks and certain iron oxide, which gives
them red or pink colour.
*Availability – Western and Eastern Vindhya malua plateau and satpura. The state where this type of soil
can be found in West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Meghalaya, Assam and odisha.
*Crops - Rice ,ragi, sugar cane, rubber, coconut,tea, coffee.
2. MOUNTAIN SOIL
*characteristics – They are formed due to the accumulation of organic matter which is generally shallow
in depth and immature.
*Composition – This type of soil are rich in humus but has poor line, potash and phosphorus contain.
*Availability – It is mainly fromed in the Himalayan region,Sikkim,Arunachal Pradesh,Assam and also in
penisular India and the eastern.
*Crops – Plantation of crops like tropical fruits, coffee, tea or spices.
