Exam 1 Nutrition & Diet Therapy ( 114 questions and answers)complete

Nutrients - compounds in foods that sustain body processes. 6 classes: fats (lipids), carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals & water kilocalories - the measurement of energy in foods metabolism - numerous actions that occur within the cell nutrition - the science that studies how the nutrients and compounds in foods that you eat nourish and affect your body functions and health macronutrients - the energy containing essential nutrients that you need in HIGHER amounts: Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins micronutrients - essential nutrients that you need in SMALLER amounts: vitamins and minerals organic - containing carbon inorganic - not containing carbon. inorganic compounds include minerals, water, and salts enzymes - substances that speed up chemical reactions in your body phytochemicals - nonnutritive compounds in plant foods that may play a role in fighting chronic diseases fiber - the portion of plant foods that isn't digested in the small intestineoverweight - carrying extra weight on your body in relation to your height. clinically defined as having a body mass index of 25 to 29.9 obesity - carrying an excessive amount of body fat above the level of being overweight. clinically defined as having the body mass index of 30 or higher