CCRN EXAM PRACTICE TEST 1

What is vasogenic cerebral edema? - Answer- Vasogenic cerebral edema is an increase in extracellular fluid caused by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier with the resultant increase in vascular permeability. This cerebral edema begins locally and becomes more generalized. Common causes are trauma (including surgical trauma), tumors, hemorrhage, and abscesses What is vasogenic cerebral edema? - Answer- Vasogenic cerebral edema is an increase in extracellular fluid caused by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier with the resultant increase in vascular permeability. This cerebral edema begins locally and becomes more generalized. Common causes are trauma (including surgical trauma), tumors, hemorrhage, and abscesses What ventilator parameter indicates fluid volume excess? - Answer- An A:a gradient greater than 10 mm Hg is a reflection of a diffusion defect. Note that the process of diffusion is between A (alveolus) and (a) arterial blood. An increase in intraalveolar fluid dilutes and inactivates surfactant, causing alveolar collapse (decreasing vital capacity) and decreases lung compliance. Peak inspiratory pressure increases reflect a decrease in lung compliance What ventilator parameter indicates fluid volume excess? - Answer- An A:a gradient greater than 10 mm Hg is a reflection of a diffusion defect. Note that the process of diffusion is between A (alveolus) and (a) arterial blood. An increase in intraalveolar fluid dilutes and inactivates surfactant, causing alveolar collapse (decreasing vital capacity) and decreases lung compliance. Peak inspiratory pressure increases reflect a decrease in lung compliance What does autonomy refer to? - Answer- The patient's right to make decisions for themselves What does autonomy refer to? - Answer- The patient's right to make decisions for themselves What does beneficence mean? - Answer- Obligation to do good What does beneficence mean? - Answer- Obligation to do good What does nonmaleficence mean? - Answer- Obligation to do no harm What does nonmaleficence mean? - Answer- Obligation to do no harm What does fidelity mean? - Answer- the obligation to abide by agreements and res