Ardms Spi Study Guide With Absolute Solution 2023

ARDMS SPI STUDY GUIDE WITH ABSOLUTE SOLUTION 2023 The horizontal axis, or x-axis - Runs side to side The vertical axis, or y-axis - Runs up and down Unrelated - Two items that are not associated Related or Proportional - Two items that are associated or affiliated However, the relationship between the items does not have to be specified Directly related or Directly proportional - Two items that are associated such that when one item increases, the other increases Inversely related or inversely proportional - Two items are associated such that when one item increases, the other decreases Reciprocal Relationship - When two numbers with a reciprocal relationship are multiplied together, the result is one Reciprocal numbers are inverse because when one increases, the other decreases For a numerical answer to a question to be comprehensive, it requires a - Unit "Increase by a factor" means - To multiply by that number "Decrease by a factor" means - To divide by that number Scientific or engineering notation is a shorthand manner to represent what types of numbers? - Very large or very small numbers A number in scientific notation form with a positive exponent has a value - Greater than 10 A number in scientific notation form with an exponent of zero has a value - Between 1 and 10 A number in scientific notation form with a negative exponent has a value - Less than 1 10⌃9 - Prefix: giga Symbol: G Meaning: billion 10⌃6 - Prefix: mega Symbol: M Meaning: million 10⌃3 - Prefix: kilo Symbol: k Meaning: thousand 10⌃2 - Prefix: hecto Symbol: h Meaning: hundred 10⌃1 - Prefix: deca Symbol: da Meaning: ten 10⌃-1 - Prefix: deci Symbol: d Meaning: tenth 10⌃-2 - Prefix: centi Symbol: c Meaning: hundredth 10⌃-3 - Prefix: milli Symbol: m Meaning: thousandth 10^-6 - Prefix: micro Symbol: μ Meaning: millionth 10^-9 - Prefix: nano Symbol: n Meaning: billionth List all these metric terms in increasing order: A. mega B. micro C. milli D. hecto E. deca F. deci - micro, milli, deci, deca, hecto, mega List all these metric terms in decreasing order: A. nano B. canti C. giga D. kilo E. hecto F. micro - giga, kilo,hecto, centi, micro, nano Sound pulses travel through biologic tissue, or ______. - Media All waves carry _____ from one location to another. - Energy Sound is a __________ wave in which particles in the medium move. - Mechanical Sound cannot travel through a ______; it must travel through a ______. - Vacuum, medium What does compressed mean? - Squeezed together What does rarefied mean? - Stretched apart Sound travels in a ________ line. - Straight Sound waves are ____________ waves. - Longitudinal What is the propagation speed dependent on? - The medium Are there any biologic effects on tissue? - No Sound waves are identified by - Oscillations in acoustic variables What are the three acoustic variables? (With their units) - pressure - pascals (Pa), density - kg/cm^3, distance - cm, mm If something other than pressure, density, or distance (particle motion) rhythmically oscillates in a wave, then the wave... - Is not a sound wave Sound waves are also known as - Acoustic waves What are the seven Acoustic Parameters? - Period, frequency, amplitude, power, intensity, wavelength, propagation speed Particles move in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction that the wave propagates in what wave? - Transverse wave Particles move in the same direction that the wave propagates in a ____________ wave. - Longitudinal When are a pair of waves considered in-phase? - When their peaks and troughs occur at the same time and at the same location Considered "in step" What happens when two waves are out-of-phase? - Their peaks occur at different times, and so do their troughs "out of step" What is interference? - When more than one beam travels in a medium and arrive at the same location at exactly the same time These waves lose their individual characteristics and combine to form a single wave The interference of in-phase waves results in a single wave of _________ amplitude. This is called ___________. - Greater, constructive interference (Larger Wave) The interference of a pair of out-of-phase waves results in the formation of a single wave of _____ amplitude. This combination is called _____________________. - Lesser, destructive interference (Smaller Wave) When frequencies of waves differ, what kind of wave occurs? - Both constructive and destructive interference What do waves transfer from one location to another? - Energy Two waves are traveling in a medium and arrive at a location at the same time. What event takes place? - Interference Which types of waves will exhibit both constructive and destructive interference? - Waves of different frequency What units are used to report the pressure of a sound beam? - Pascals, Pa What describes features of a sound wave? - Parameters What is the source of a sound wave? - The ultrasound system and the transducer Some parameters are determined by the tissue through which the sound is traveling, also called a __________. - Medium What is period? And what is it determined by? - The time it takes a wave to vibrate a single cycle, or the time from start of a cycle to the start of the next cycle It is determined by the source What is frequency? And what is it determined by? - The number of cycles that occurs in one second Determined by the sound source only 1 cycle/second = - 1 Hertz If the frequency of a sound wave is less than _____, it is below the threshold of human hearing and cannot be heard. These are defined as ____________. - 20 Hz, infrasonic Audible sound waves that humans can hear are frequencies between _______________________. - 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz What is ultrasound's frequency? - Greater than 20,000 Hz or 20 kHz Why is frequency important in diagnostic sonography? - It affects penetration and image quality Period and frequency are __________ related to each other. - Inversely When two reciprocal parameters are multiplied together, the result is: - 1