Dialysis Technician Training Hub/ SET A Questions Answered 100% correct

Dialysis Technician Training Hub/ SET A Questions Answered 100% correct Which condition caused by CKD causes a burning sensation on hand and feet, a "pins and needles" feeling, and restlessness in the legs? Neuropathy If the confirmed result of Total Chlorine testing from the primary carbon filter indicates a level of greater than 0.1 ppm The result is within normal limits What is the newest type of home Hemodialysis in the United States? Short daily home hemodialysis What causes pre-treatment hypertension in most hemodialysis patients? Fluid overload Which of these could result to hypotenstion? Dehydration and Cardiovascular disease Post treatment, a patient's temperature increased from 96.6F to 98.8F degrees and the patient complains of a headache This is a normal temperature as the patient's temperature was expected to rise post treatment. A rise in temperature of 2F degrees over the patient's baseline temperature with accompanying symptoms, which may include nausea, vomiting, headache, hypotention, tachycardia, hot flushed skin, and dry mucous membranes or any temperature over 100F degrees. Dialysis is provided by a team that includes Patient, Renal dietician, Social worker, Technician, Nurse, and Doctor. What are common causes of High Blood Urea Nitrogen; BUN levels? 1. Increased tissue breakdown; catabolism, 2. Gastrointestinal bleeding, 3. Excess protein intake, 4. Inadequate dialysis, and missed treatment(S). What should a dialysis nurse look out for to know that a patient may have lost body weight? Fluid build-up in ankles and fingers. How can a dialysis patient control their fluid intake? Use lemon wedges to stimulate saliva. Fluid overload in the long term cause Congestive heart failure What is the first thing a dialysis nurse should do during pre-dialysis access examination? Observe the skin for cleanliness and intactness The ____________ needle is always placed antegrade or with the flow of blood Venous Buttonholes, or constant cannularion sites, have many advantages, including They are suitable for AVF's with only small segments available. Other advantages include possibility of self-cannulation, less painful needle insertion, post-dialysis bleeding shorter, and infiltrations are eliminated. When collecting lab specimens, you should Keep filled tubes upright and refrigerated Recommended sodium limit for in-house hemodialysis patient per day is 2 to 4 grams After administering the heparin bolus through the vascular access, how long should you wait before initiating the dialysis treatment? 5 minutes Use of an arm board to support an arterial venous access extremely requires A physician's order During intradialytic monitoring, checks should be completed every 30 minutes and should include 1. Arterial and venous pressure, 2. Vascular access visible and line connections intact, 3. Blood and dialysate flows When the prescribed blood rate; BFR is achieved, what should the dialysis nurse do? Record and compare to previous Blood Pressure reading All are possible causes of dysrhythmia. 1. Underlying heart disease, 2. Removal of antiarrhythmic medications during dialysis, 3. Complications and emergencies during dialysis Recirculation of blood should not exceed _______ minutes to prevent deoxygenation and cell destruction. 30 minutes In case of an allergic reaction, dialysis must be discontinued without returning the patient's blood. Always false. Patient's blood should be returned in cases where the dialysis treatment needs to be interrupted such as when a patient develops an allergic reaction. Report to the charge nurse symptoms of allergic reaction one observed. A traditional three-times-a-week dialysis schedule only replaces about _____ % of healthy kidney function. 15% Interventions for muscle cramps? 1. A saline bolus, 2. Gloves filled with hot water, 3. Opposing force; massage, 4. Reduction in UF rate Once rinse-back is completed, what should be done prior to removing a patient's venous needle? Flush the needle with 10 ml of normal saline to prevent formation of blood clot in the blood vessel. Why was the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act made into law? It established rules about the security and privacy of health data. This law requires healthcare providers to protect the confidentially of PHI; Protected Health Information. What does Peritoneal dialysis; PD differ from hemodialysis? PD access is by an intra-abdominal catheter Which structure(s) of the kidney connect with and delivers urine directly to the ureter? Calyx. Calyx is the cup shaped opening that sends drops of urine into the ureter. Mrs. Smith, a 89-yer-old widow, asks to have her treatment shortened by 20 minutes today so she can get home and watch her favorite soap opera. You explain that: It is very important to get the prescribed time, every dialysis treatment, to avoid medical complications. Every minutes counts as in-center dialysis only replace 15% of the healthy kidney's function. Encourage patients to complete prescribed treatment regimen, unless complications necessitate its termination. Diffusion is movement of particles From an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion is the movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane from the side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentration. When does ultrafiltration during dialysis occur? Water is removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient across a membrane. Ultrafiltration occurs because of the pressure gradient between two sides of the semipermeable material. The rate of UF depends on the TMP and the characteristics of the dialyzer. What is a way to remove solutes? Convection. Convection; solute drag refers to the movement of salutes with the water across a semipermeable membrane. In dialysis, convection adds to the clearance achieved through diffusion. Dialysate is fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a number of substances that may be prescribed for a dialysate solution: Bicarbonate, sodium, and potassium The best describe the transducer protector? "Pump that moves blood through the extracorporeal circuit," is the best. "Device inside the machine that converts air pressure into an electronic signal," describes a transducer option. The normal range of resting respirations in an adult is 12 to 20 breathes/minute The purpose of priming the extracorporeal circuit with saline during setup is To remove air and germicide before initiating treatment. Rinsing and filling the extracorporeal chamber with saline is done to remove air and germicide. Mrs. Smith's dry weight is 62 kg. Her weight when she came in for treatment on Monday was 67 kg. For her treatment the priming saline amount is 240 ml, the rinse-back is 200 ml, fluid from medications is 100 ml. What is the total amount of fluid weight to be removed? 5,540 ml. Amount of fluid weight to be removed is obtained by adding the desired weight loss in ml and the patient's fluid intake during dialysis. What test must be performed on new dialyzers? TCV—Total Cell Volume. TCV measures the ability of the dialyzer to transport solutes and ultrafilter. What is "Contact time"? Amount of time the germicide remains in the dialyzer. What is the most common way that water treatment systems are disinfected? Chemical. Heat and ozone may also be used. According to AAMI standards, the total microbial count of dialysate shall not be exceed? 200 CFU/ml. The total Microbial Count of dialysis water should not exceed AAMI standard of 200 Colony Forming Units. Action must be taken for dialysate water with 50 CFU/ml. Testing for bacteria and endotoxin should be done at least once a month. Large amounts of aluminum in water used for dialysate could cause Bone disease. Patients exposed to high levels of aluminum for an extended period may suffer from Aluminum-Related Bone Disease; ARDB. This condition can cause muscle weakness, bone pain, and fractures. What is a limitation of a reverse osmosis; RO system? Thin film membranes break down when exposed to chlorine and chloramines. As such, carbon tanks are installed before the membrane to remove these.