NURS 6501-Advanced Pathophysiology | 134 Questions and Answers with complete solution

How are cells specialized? - through the process of differentiation or maturation What are the eight specialized cellular functions? - movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication What are the three general components of an eukaryotic cell? - the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles. What causes the release of lysosomal enzemes? - Cellular injury causing cellular self-digestion What is the location and function of the nucleus? - the largest membrane-bound organelle and is found usually in the cell's center. The chief functions of the nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information. What is Cytoplasm? - an aqueous solution (cytosol) that fills the space between the nucleus and the plasma membrane. What is the endoplasmic reticulum and what does it specialize in? - a network of tubular channels (cisternae) that extend throughout the outer nuclear membrane. It specializes in the synthesis and transport of protein and lipid components of most of the organelles What is the Golgi complex and what does it do? - a network of smooth membranes and vesicles located near the nucleus. The Golgi complex is responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles What are lysosomes and what do they do? - saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for digesting most cellular substances to their basic form, such as amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates