CCHT Study Guide with Complete Solutions

The functional unit of the kidney - ANSWER-Nephron The leading cause of kidney failure - ANSWER-Diabetes A nephron is made up of - ANSWER-Glomerulus and a tubule What is not a symptom of uremia - ANSWER-Elevated hematocrit What causes hypertension during and after dialysis - ANSWER-Removing too much fluid Normal body pH is - ANSWER-7.35-7.45 Sign and symptom of fluid overload - ANSWER-Hypertension Abnormal level of electrolyte cause cardiac arrhythmia - ANSWER-Potassium Water moves from an area of low solute to an area of higher solute by which principal - ANSWER-Osmosis Waste products are removed during dialysis by which principal - ANSWER-Diffusion Excess fluid is forced out of the blood and into dialysate by which principal - ANSWER-Ultrafiltration The movement of fluid from the tissue toward higher concentration of sodium in the blood is - ANSWER-Osmosis Decreasing the patients prescribed blood flow rate affects the rate - ANSWER-Diffusion Which action increases diffusion during dialysis - ANSWER-Using a bath with a greater concentration gradient What diffuses from the patient's blood during dialysis - ANSWER-Urea Ultrafiltration is influenced by - ANSWER-Transmembrane pressure The most common complication in peritoneal dialysis is - ANSWER-Peritonitis Dextrose used in dialysate for peritoneal dialysis can cause - ANSWER-Hyperglycemia If the patient developed an infection post transplant the contributing factor - ANSWER-Immunosuppressive medications Most frequent cause of death in the first year post transplant - ANSWER-Infection Total cell volume is an indirect measure of - ANSWER-Performanceof the dialyzer The TCV should be no less than - ANSWER-80% The minimum dwell time to achieve sterilization with Renalin - ANSWER-11 hours Dialyzer's are carefully rinsed prior to use to remove - ANSWER-Residual sterilant Germicide rebound occurs due to - ANSWER-Inadequate dialyzer priming The organization that sets the standards and recommendations for dialyzer reprocessing - ANSWER-... Blood path integrity test the drop should not exceed - ANSWER-10 MM HG The purpose of countercurrent flow - ANSWER-Increase the rate of waste removal The total pressure across the dialyzer membrane - ANSWER-Transmembrane pressure Dialysate pH should be - ANSWER-Between 7.0 and 7.4 Dialysate that is too hot - ANSWER-Hemolysis What is used to correct metabolic acidosis - ANSWER-Bicarbonate Total chlorine levels in the water are tested - ANSWER-Before each shift or every four hours Water softeners remove - ANSWER-Calcium and magnesium AAMI standards for total microbial count - ANSWER-200 CFU/ml The water softener - ANSWER-Operates on the principle of ion exchange What water is safe for dialysis - ANSWER-Dialysis quality water Patient exposure to chloramines may cause - ANSWER-Hemolysis According to the AAMI Standard level for endotoxin - ANSWER-Less then to EU/ml Feed conductivity - product conductivity divided by 100 - ANSWER-Percent rejection