TExES ESL Supplement
Paralinguistic -(DEF)- study of intonation, stress, rate of speech, pause, and
hesitations
Nonlinguistic -(DEF)- gestures, facial expressions, body language
Idiomatic Expression -(DEF)- particular to a given language
Stages of Language Acquisition -(DEF)- 1 Pre-production
2 Early Production
3 Speech Emergence
4 Intermediate Fluency
5 Proficiency
Pre-Production -(DEF)- - Minimal comprehension
- Non-verbal production
- Gestures or pictures to communicate
Early Production -(DEF)- - Limited comprehension
- 1-2 word responses
- Short phrases
Speech Emergence -(DEF)- - Increased comprehension
- Simple sentences, some errors in speech
,Intermediate Fluency -(DEF)- - Very good comprehension
- More complex sentences
- Engages in conversation and sentences
- Engages in conversation and produces connected narrative
Proficiency -(DEF)- - Very good comprehension with near native speech
- Few if any errors in speech
- Understands complex language
Similarities between L1 and L2 (11) -(DEF)- - Predisposed
- Have stages (developmental)
- Subconscious level
- Need context embedded experiences acquired through actual use
- Higher level so f receptive language than productive language
- Need extra linguistic clues
- A process
- Focus on communication and meaning
- Need appropriate feedback and collaboration
- Requires positive reinforcement
- Thrive on informal atmosphere
Silent Period -(DEF)- - 1 to 12 months when SLL works to receive and understand
new language but little or no expressive language
, Affective Filter -(DEF)- - Controls the extent to which an individual internalizes
input by converting it into language
ESL Methodologies -(DEF)- 1 Oral Approach and Structural Language Teaching
2 Audio-lingual
3 Communicative Language Teaching
4 Total Physical Response
5 The Silent Way
6 Community Language Learning
7 Natural Approach
8 Suggestopedia
Oral Approach and Structural Language Teaching -(DEF)- - Vocab is essential to
reading proficiency
- Applied linguistics theory and practice
- Spoken language first
- Language practiced situationally
- Simple grammar before complex
- No translation allowed
- Accuracy in pronunciation, grammar crucial
- Learner listens and responds
Audio-lingual -(DEF)- - Uses native speaker
- Structural linguistics and behaviorism
- Language learning is habit forming
- Spoken language first
Paralinguistic -(DEF)- study of intonation, stress, rate of speech, pause, and
hesitations
Nonlinguistic -(DEF)- gestures, facial expressions, body language
Idiomatic Expression -(DEF)- particular to a given language
Stages of Language Acquisition -(DEF)- 1 Pre-production
2 Early Production
3 Speech Emergence
4 Intermediate Fluency
5 Proficiency
Pre-Production -(DEF)- - Minimal comprehension
- Non-verbal production
- Gestures or pictures to communicate
Early Production -(DEF)- - Limited comprehension
- 1-2 word responses
- Short phrases
Speech Emergence -(DEF)- - Increased comprehension
- Simple sentences, some errors in speech
,Intermediate Fluency -(DEF)- - Very good comprehension
- More complex sentences
- Engages in conversation and sentences
- Engages in conversation and produces connected narrative
Proficiency -(DEF)- - Very good comprehension with near native speech
- Few if any errors in speech
- Understands complex language
Similarities between L1 and L2 (11) -(DEF)- - Predisposed
- Have stages (developmental)
- Subconscious level
- Need context embedded experiences acquired through actual use
- Higher level so f receptive language than productive language
- Need extra linguistic clues
- A process
- Focus on communication and meaning
- Need appropriate feedback and collaboration
- Requires positive reinforcement
- Thrive on informal atmosphere
Silent Period -(DEF)- - 1 to 12 months when SLL works to receive and understand
new language but little or no expressive language
, Affective Filter -(DEF)- - Controls the extent to which an individual internalizes
input by converting it into language
ESL Methodologies -(DEF)- 1 Oral Approach and Structural Language Teaching
2 Audio-lingual
3 Communicative Language Teaching
4 Total Physical Response
5 The Silent Way
6 Community Language Learning
7 Natural Approach
8 Suggestopedia
Oral Approach and Structural Language Teaching -(DEF)- - Vocab is essential to
reading proficiency
- Applied linguistics theory and practice
- Spoken language first
- Language practiced situationally
- Simple grammar before complex
- No translation allowed
- Accuracy in pronunciation, grammar crucial
- Learner listens and responds
Audio-lingual -(DEF)- - Uses native speaker
- Structural linguistics and behaviorism
- Language learning is habit forming
- Spoken language first
