CBIS 3213 Test 1-solved

computer - Answer- an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program 3 main components of a computer - Answer- CPU memory hard drive (storage) Chassis - Answer- a computer case for any type of computer A chassis holds the - Answer- power supply, motherboard, processor, memory modules, expansion cards, hard drive, optical drive, other drives VGA port - Answer- female port that transmits analog video analog - Answer- continuous signal with infinite variations digital - Answer- series of binary values - 1s or 0s S-video port - Answer- 4 or 7 pin round video port sometimes used to connect to a television DVI port - Answer- transmits digital or analog video HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) port - Answer- transmits digital video and audio display port - Answer- transmits digital video and audio and is slowly replacing VGA and DVI ports on PCs thunderbolt port - Answer- transmits video, data, and power on the same port and cable and is popular with Apple computers external SATA port - Answer- used by an external hard drive or other device using the eSATA interface. Faster than firewire all hardware components are either located on ________ or directly/indirectly __________ - Answer- motherboard; connected to it because they must all communicate with the CPU the motherboard is the - Answer- largest and most important circuit board in the computer. (main board, system board, mobo) the motherboard contains a socket to hold the - Answer- processor or CPU CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Answer- does most of the processing of data and instructions for the entire system heat sink - Answer- consists of metal fins that draw heat away from the computer expansion card - Answer- a circuit board that provides more ports than those provided by the motherboard RAM (Random Access Memory) - Answer- temporary storage for data and instructions as they are being processed by the CPU hard drive - Answer- permanent storage used to hold data and programs ex: spinning drive power supply - Answer- a box installed in a corner of the computer case that receives and converts the house current so that components inside the case can use it dual voltage selector switch - Answer- on back of computer case to switch the input voltage to the power supply (115V in the US) form factors - Answer- size, shape, screw hole positions, and major features the most commonly used form factor today - Answer- ATX form factor the main motherboard power connector for ATX form factor - Answer- 20-pin early 24-pin today firmware - Answer- BIOS (old) UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) POST diagnostic card - Answer- series of tests performed by the startup UEFI when you first turn on a computer Serial ATA standard (SATA) - Answer- used by most drives today; get power from a power cable that connects to the drive using a SATA power connector Parallel ATA (PATA) - Answer- slower than SATA; also called IDE interface; used 40-pin ribbon cable and connector; two connectors on a motherboard for two data cables; found in most older desktop computers dongle - Answer- when a laptop is missing a port or slot, you can use this to provide the port or slot` important components of laptops - Answer- battery pack hard drive CPU, heat sink, fan memory wireless card system board optical drive ESD strap - Answer- ground bracelet the brains of the computer - Answer- CPU where the instructions are held when not being used - Answer- hard drive (storage) data/instructions are moved here when the CPU is ready - Answer- memory when working inside a desktop computer/laptop, never stack - Answer- boards on top of each other when working inside a desktop computer/laptop, remove - Answer- loose jewelry steps to working inside a computer - Answer- 1. plan and organize your work 2. open the computer case and examine the system 3. remove expansion cards 4. remove the motherboard, power supply, and drives laptops are _________ and __________ - Answer- more difficult, more compact a motherboard form factor determines - Answer- the size of the board and its features that make it compatible with power supplies and cases PGA (pin grid array) socket - Answer- has holes aligned in uniform rows around the socket to receive the pins on the bottom of the processor LGA (land grid array) socket - Answer- has blunt protruding pins on the socket that connect with lands or pads on the bottom of the processor chipset - Answer- set of chips on the motherboard that works closely with the processor to collectively control the memory, buses on the motherboard, and some peripherals two major chipset manufacturers - Answer- Intel and AMD motherboards CAN have more than one - Answer- bus bus - Answer- system of pathways used for communication hertz (Hz) - Answer- the speed of memory (1 cycle per second) these things are carried by bus - Answer- power, control signals, memory addresses, data data and instructions exist in - Answer- binary, only two states (on and off) data path size - Answer- width of data bus (ex: 8-bit bus has eight wire (lines) to transmit) system clock - Answer- times activities on the motherboard BIOS is used to - Answer- configure a motherboard virtualization - Answer- when one physical machine hosts multiple activities that are normally on multiple machines which of the following is not a feature of a processor? - Answer- amount of CMOS what is the general name of the processor feature that AMD calls Hypertransport? - Answer- multithreading