VATI pharm practice test remediation notes

Ciprofloxacin - Answer- fluroquinolone antibiotic that is associated with tendon rupture contraindicated in myasthenia gravis d/t weakness s/e: phototoxicity, nausea, flatulence, dysphagia, pancreatitis, pseudomembranous colitis Diclofenac sodium - Answer- NSAID used to treat chronic bursitis avoid taking medication at bedtime and sit upright for 15-30 min post administration to decrease esophageal irritation, administer with an antacid food or milk to minimize gastric irritation what should you administer for an anaphylactic medication like a latex allergy - Answer- IV epinephrine what lifestyle habit puts a patient taking aspirin at higher risk for ulcer development - Answer- smoking becuase smoking reduces secretion of gastric bicarbonate and increases gastric emptying which allows for more acid to build up in the duodenum what is raloxifene used for? - Answer- lowering the risk of breast cancer in post menopausal women who have a high risk of developing estrogen-receptive types of breast cancer; it is also used to prevent and treat post menopausal osteoporosis can cause hot flashes as well as thromboembolism, stroke, peripheral edema, pneumonia and pulmonary emboli Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) - Answer- can cause hyperglycemia in clients with diabetes so they might need to increase their insulin dosage Acetazolamide (Diamox) - Answer- carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used for the treatment of heart failure and glaucoma s/e: diarrhea and tarry black stools, myopia and tinnitus, and renal excretion of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate increasing the risk of an electrolyte imbalance Zidovudine (Retrovir) - Answer- antiretroviral used to treat HIV, Epstein-Barr virus and hep B s/e: neutopenia, hepatotoxicity, dyspnea, wheezing and cough, alteration in the taste of food, sensitivity to light and hearing loss Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - Answer- Anti-gout med Inhibits uric acid production and decreases tophus formation Can cause hypersensitivity reaction, renal injury (increase fluids), hepatitis, N/V Slows metabol