EFM EXAM 2023 WITH 100% COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

what is a normal fetal heart rate 110 to 160 how do you determine the base line fhr on a strip - the mean fhr rounded to increments of 5 bpm -during a ten minute period -exclude all decels, accels and marked variability -need 2 min of definition base or use previous 10 min define bradycardia as related to a fetal heart rate 110 what can bradycardia suggest hypoxia define hypoxia an o2 deficiency in body tissues define tachycardia as it relates to fetal heart rate 160 what can cause tachycardia -hypoxia -maternal fever -infection (fetus or mom) what is the most sensative predictor of o2 status in the fetus variability what specific system in the fetus does variability show the status of -o2 status of the autonomic nervous system (part of the cns) what factors influence variability -decrease o2 in the fetal cns -narcotics -prematurity -fetal sleep -abnormalitys in the fetal cns, heart or both define variability -fluctuations in the baseline fhr -these are irregular in amplitude and frequency -measured from peak to trough in bpm -determined in a 10 min window -excludes accels and decels a sleeping fetus may show what when variabilty is assessed on the strip decreased variability lasting approximately 30 min how is variability classified -absent -minimal -moderate -marked define absent variability -the amplitude range is undetectable define minimal variability the amplitude range is from not detectable to 5 bpm define moderate variability the amplitude range is from 6 to 25 bpm define marked variability the amplitude range is greater than 25 bpm what is an acceleration -an abrupt increase in the fhr -the onset of the accel to the peak is less than 30 sec. are accelerations a good sign, if so what are they a sign of -yes -adequate fetal o2