NCLEX-RN (Study guide) latest updates

NCLEX-RN (Study guide) Autonomic Dysreflexia - Complications: -severe pounding headache (from onset of HTN) -Profuse sweating -Nasal congestion Iron daily requirements for women - 15 mg/day Blood transfusion (hemolytic reaction) - S/S: -chills -headache -backache -dyspnea -hypotension -fever Manic episode (behaviors) - -Grandiose delusions -difficulty concentrating -agitation Meniere's disease/syndrome - Is an inner ear disorder that causes episodes of vertigo/spinning Boggy uterus deviated to right - -indicates full bladder -encourage client to void (offer bedpan) Cystic Fibrosis (diet requirements) - -High protein -High calorie Cerebellum - Maintains balance IVP (intravenous pyelogram) - Is a radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary system, including the kidneys ureters and bladder Nursing management: -because of the need to visualize the abdominal area, cleansing enemas the evening before and IVP are usually ordered Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGam) - Is given to an Rh-negative mother who delivers an Rh positive baby when the baby has a negative Coombs test Cane use (going downstairs) - -advance cane and weak leg -then strong leg Memory trick: the good goes up, the bad goes down Delegation to remember - LPN/LVN and "pulled" or "re-assigned" RN from another unit - receive stable patients with expected outcomes Room assignments - -clients with fracture are considered "clean" -do. Not place elderly pts with pneumonia pts IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) - Hx of symptoms: -pattern of alternating diarrhea and constipation Immunizations - DPT (diptheria, tetanus, pertussis) -1st dose: may be given at 2 mos -2nd dose: given around 4 mos -3rd dose: given around 6 mos MMR: given at 12-15 mos rotavirus: 2, 4, and 6 mos Varicella: 12 to 15 mos Cushing's syndrome (too many steroids) - Assessment findings: -buffalo hump -weight gain -moon face -purple striae -osteoporosis -mood swings -high susceptibility to infections -hyperglycemia -hypernatremia Insulin administration - Insulin should be administered at room temperature; temp extremes should be avoided Lumbar lesions (ruptured disc) - Cause paresthesia, pain, muscle weakness and atrophy in the lower extremities Guillain-Barre syndrome (symptoms) - -resp failure -flaccidity due to paralysis of the muscles -urinary retention due to loss of sensation Myelogram - -Test involves a lumbar puncture with infection of contrast medium, allowing x-ray visualization of the vertebral canal -indentifies tumors, cysts, herniated vertebral disks Rubella (german measles) - Requires airborne precautions; particulate respirator ECT (electroconvulsive therapy treatment) - Expected effects: -headache -disrupted memory (short and long term) -general confused state -backache EDB (estimated date of birth) - Naegele's rule: -add 7 days to 1st day of last mentrual period and subtract 3 mos Continuous tube feeding - -rinse bag and change the formula every 4 hours -there is an increased growth of organisms after 4 hours Type 1 diabetes (insulin needs during pregnancy and after delivery) - During pregnancy: Insulin needs increase After delivery: Insulin needs decrease Duodenal ulcers - -clients experience pain after meals 2-4 hrs after meals Hypoglycemia symptoms - -irritability -tachycardia -diaphoresis Autologous blood transfusion - This is blood lost during surgery that is being re-infused into the patient "blood salvage" Central Venous catheters - Anything having to do with CVAD (central venous access devices) ; it is ALWAYS A STERILE PROCEDURE -make sure to FLUSH with 10ml syringe to keep patency RESTLESS= - HYPOXIA What happens to a pulse when you lower blood pressure? - The HR goes up to compensate. Impetigo - A highly contagious skin infection that causes red sores on the face. -Staph infection -causes fluid-filled vesicles, honey-colored crusts, reddened areas -can be treated with an antibiotic cream or oral antibiotic -wash hands before and after applying a topical antibiotic -child can be in contact with other children 24hrs after starting the antibiotic