MCS 005 Midterm I

MCS 005 Midterm I Communication - The process of creating shared meaning Transmission of a message from a source to a receiver Communication Process - Encoding - Transforming ideas into an understandable sign/symbol system Decoding - Interpreting sign/symbol systems Media Convergence - Blurring of boundaries between various media; the erosion of traditional distinctions among media Oligopoly - A media system whose operation is dominated by a few large companies Globalization - Ownership of media companies by multinational corporations Concentration of Ownership - Ownership of different and numerous media companies concentrated in fewer and fewer hands Technological Determinism - The idea that machines and their development drive economic and cultural change Audience Fragmentation - Audiences for specific media content becoming smaller and increasingly homogenous Platform Agnostic - Having no preference where media content is accessed Hypercommercialism - Increasing the amount of advertising and mixing commercial and noncommercial media content Product Placement - The integration, for a fee, of specific branded products into media content Gutenberg Revolution - Design of metal movable type, invention of a process for making such type in quantity (mass production), use of oil-based ink, and the use of a wooden printing press, Gutenberg bible, laid the foundation of commercial mass production of books, enhanced literacy and was cheap and affordable Yellow Journalism - Early 20th century journalism emphasizing sensational sex, crime, and disaster news, beginning of investigative journalism, reflects conflict between commercialism and the ideal of the press, "The Yellow Kid" by cartoonist Richard Outcault gave the name to "Yellow Journalism" Penny Press - Newspapers in the 1830s selling for one penny What was the first book? - China's Diamond Sutra What was the first newspaper? - Oxford Gazette, published in 1665 in England What was the first magazine? - Saturday Evening Post What was the first computer? - Computer: Colossus Network: ARPAnet Kinetograph - William Dickson's early motion picture camera Cinematographe - Lumiere brothers' device that both photographed and projected action Nickelodeons - The first movie houses; admission was one nickel, lack of language catered to the need of the large amount of immigrants Vertical Integration - A system in which studios produced their own films, distributed them through their own outlets, a