Exam 1 Study Guide Questions

1. Discuss the Joint Commission’s formal recommendations for hospitals to reduce the risk of patient falls. (Perry & Potter, 2017, pg. 390). TJC recommends that hospitals have formal fall reduction program which includes:  A fall risk assessment of every patient and conducted routinely until a patient discharge.  Hourly rounding to reduce falls.  Apply yellow color-coded wristbands to patients’ wrists to communicate to all health care providers that a patient is a fall risk.  Establish elimination schedules.  Placement of a fall pad on the floor along the bed  Bed safety alarms or motion detectors.  Gait belt provides a secure way to steady or guide patients who need assistance with ambulation when transferring or walking.  When a patient uses an aide such as walker, cane, crutches, it’s important to check the condition of rubber tips and the integrity of the aid. Also be sure patients use their devices correctly.  Remove excess furniture and equipment.  make sure that patients wear rubber-soled shoes or slippers for walking or transferring.  Safety bars near toilets 1 health care Unit 1 Study Guide | Irma Aguilar-Coker  Locks on beds and wheelchairs  Call lights are additional safety features. 2. Discuss how the adrenal corticosteroids (i.e., steroids); and, cytotoxic and antineoplastic drugs increase a patient’s risk for infection. (Perry & Potter, 2019, pg. 450).  Adrenal corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory drugs that cause protein breakdown and impair the inflammatory response against bacteria and other pathogens.  Cytotoxic and antineoplastic drugs attack cancer cells but also cause the side effects of bone marrow depression and normal cell toxicity, which affects the response of body against pathogens, therefore making the body more susceptible to infection. 3. List several reasons why patient education is one of the most important nursing interventions in any health care setting. (Perry & Potter, 2017, pp. 336-337). (Note: This is threaded content).  The goal of educating others about their health is to help individuals, families, or communities to achieve optimal levels of health.  It is an essential component to patient centered care.  Providing education about preventive health care helps reduce costs and hardships on individuals and those surrounding them. 2 Unit 1 Study Guide | Irma Aguilar-Coker  Comprehensive patient education includes 3 important purposes, each involving a separate phase of health care: health promotion and illness prevention, health restoration and coping. 4. Compare and contrast the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary preventive levels of care. (Perry & Potter, 2017, pp. 71-72). (Note: This is threaded content).  Primary Prevention is true prevention. Health education programs, immunizations, nutritional programs, and fitness activities. (has not happened yet, preventative action.).  Secondary Prevention focuses on those who are experience health problems and are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions. Try to enable the patient to return to a normal level of health as early as possible. Includes screening techniques, treating early stages of a disease to limit disability. (has disease, trying to prevent it from getting worse and try to return patient back to health).  Tertiary Prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease by interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration. Activities like rehab rather than diagnosis and treatment.