NSG5003 Week 9 Study Guide Test Bank

NSG5003 Week 9 Study Guide Test Bank. Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which pathway carries sensory information toward the central nervous system (CNS)? a. Ascending c. Somatic b. Descending d. Efferent 2. Which type of axon transmits a nerve impulse at the highest rate? a. Large nonmyelinated c. Small nonmyelinated b. Large myelinated d. Small myelinated 3. Which nerves are capable of regeneration? a. Nerves within the brain and spinal cord b. Peripheral nerves that are cut or severed c. Myelinated nerves in the peripheral nervous system d. Unmyelinated nerves of the peripheral nervous system 4. The neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, is secreted in the: a. Somatic nervous system c. Sympathetic postganglion b. Parasympathetic preganglion d. Parasympathetic postganglion 5. Both oligodendroglia and Schwann cells share the ability to: a. Form a myelin sheath c. Transport nutrients b. Remove cellular debris d. Line the ventricles 6. During a synapse, what change occurs after the neurotransmitter binds to the receptor? a. The permeability of the presynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. b. The permeability of the postsynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. c. The postsynaptic cell prevents any change in permeability and destroys the action potential. d. The presynaptic cell synthesizes and secretes additional neurotransmitters. 7. What name is given to a large network of neurons within the brainstem that is essential for maintaining wakefulness? a. Midbrain c. Medulla oblongata b. Reticular activating system d. Pons 8. Thought and goal-oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the brain? a. Cerebellum c. Prefrontal lobe b. Limbic system d. Occipital lobe 9. The region responsible for the motor aspects of speech is located in the: a. Wernicke area in the temporal lobe c. Wronka area in the parietal lobe b. Broca area in the frontal lobe d. Barlow area in the occipital lobe 10. Parkinson and Huntington diseases are associated with defects in which area of the brain? a. Thalamus c. Cerebellum b. Medulla oblongata d. Basal ganglia 11. Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain? a. Thalamus c. Subthalamus b. Epithalamus d. Hypothalamus 12. The ability of the eyes to track moving objects through a visual field is primarily a function of which colliculi? a. Inferior c. Mid b. Superior d. Posterior 13. What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and behavioral states? a. Hypothalamus and subthalamus c. Limbic system and prefrontal cortex b. Parietal and frontal lobes d. Basal ganglia and medulla oblongata 14. Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing, swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain? a. Pons c. Cerebellum b. Midbrain d. Medulla oblongata 15. From which part of the midbrain do cranial nerves V to VIII emerge? a. Midbrain c. Medulla oblongata b. Pons d. Lateral colliculi 16. From which part of the midbrain do cranial nerves IX to XII emerge? a. Midbrain c. Medulla oblongata b. Pons d. Lateral colliculi 17. Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and unconscious muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture? a. Cerebrum c. Diencephalon b. Cerebellum d. Brainstem 18. Which statement is true regarding upper motor neurons? a. Upper motor neurons directly influence muscles. b. They modify spinal reflex arcs. c. Upper motor neurons are located in the gray matter of the spinal cord.