NUR 2092 Pharmacology Exam III Study Guide 2022/2023

NUR 2092 Pharmacology Exam III Study Guide 2022/2023 Respiratory System 1. Upper respiratory tract humidifies and cleans 2. Nasal mucosa is the 1st line of immunologic defense Antihistamines 1. H1 receptor agonists 2. Relieve allergic rhinitis Allergic Rhinitis 1. Sneezing 2. Watery eyes 3. Itching 4. Congestion Intranasal Corticosteroids 1. Treats allergic rhinitis 2. Wide margin for safety 3. Must be administered 2-3 weeks before exposure 4. Side effects include dryness and irritation Oral and Intranasal Sympathomimetics 1. More effective for rhinitis treatment 2. Only use for 3-5 days due to rebound congestion 3. Side effects include nervous, tremors, palpitations, insomnia Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 1. Antihistamine 2. H1 blocker- prevents histamine response 3. Decreases nasopharyngeal secretions 4. Anticholinergic effects (can’t see, can’t pee, can’t spit, can’t shit) 5. Drowsiness 6. Increases CNS depression Antitussives 1. Relief of cough 2. Opioids used for severe cough 3. Usually given to help sleep 4. Non-opioid (dextromethorphan) is used for mild/moderate cough Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide (Robitussin) 1. Antitussive 2. Suppresses cough 3. Reduces secretions 4. High doses may cause hallucinations 5. Should not be used in pts w/ productive cough Treatments of Chronic Asthma 1. SABA 2. ICS 3. LABA 4. Fluticasone/Salmeterol (ADVAIR) SABA 1. Short Acting Beta Agonist 2. Albuterol 3. **Quick relief only ICS 1. Inhaled corticosteroid 2. Fluticasone