EXS 411 Course Notes
Physical Activity- Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that substantially
increases energy expenditure
Exercise- A component of physical activity that is planned, structured activity done for the
purpose of improving 1+ aspects of physical fitness
Physical Fitness- Includes cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength,
endurance and power, flexibility, agility, rxn time, and balance
Muscle Contraction-
Static or isometric
• No change in joint angle
Dynamic or isotonic
• Change in joint angle
Occupational Physical Activity:
-Declined by more than 100kcal/d over the last 5 decades
Car Travel: 1960 vs today
67% of all trips to work in 1960
88% in 2000
Nearly 50% of U.S. school children walked or rode their bikes to school in 1960s; by 2001, only
13% did so
Pioneers:
Classic studies of Morris et al. (1950s)
-London bus drivers vs. conductors
-Mail carriers vs. office staff
Kenneth Cooper, Steven Blair
• Leaders in evaluating effect of fitness on CVS
-Ongoing ACLS, Cooper Clinic
-10,000 men and 3,000 women followed for 8 years
ACSM/CDC PA Recommendations:
-30 min of moderate intensity, 5d/wk
-Vigorous for 20 min on 3 day/wk
-May accumulate in 10 min bouts
Classifying Intensity:
• Low: 1-2 Mets
• Moderate: 3-<6 Mets
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, • Vigorous: > or equal to 6 Mets
Physical Activity Guidelines:
-At least 150 min of moderate intensity PA
weekly OR
-75 min of vigorous activity PA weekly
Risks Associated with PA:
-Healthy individuals are not at risk for cardiac events as a result of exercise
-Individuals with known or suspected disease need medical clearance before beginning exercise
-The EP-C is responsible for supervising the exercise program regardless of the population
Pre-Participation and Screening Guidelines
-First, Do No Harm
-Pre-Participation Screening
-Reasons to Conduct Screening-
-To Identify:
• Those with medical contraindications for performing PA
• Those who should receive a medical/physical eval/exam and clearance prior to
performing a PA program
• Those who should participate in a medically supervised PA program
• Those with other health/medical concerns (orthopedic injuries)
-Guidelines are not LEGALLY mandated but Surgeon General Report recommends inactive men
over 40 and women over 50 as well as people at risk for CVD should consult a physician before
starting an exercise program
Professional Screening
-Health History Questionnaire
-ACSM Screening
-Medical Exam/Clearance
HRR= (MHR- Resting HR) x desired intensity + resting HR
MRH = 220-age
40% = (200-70) x .4 + 70
(130) x 4 + .70 = 122 bpm
(130) x .59 + 70
Major Signs/Symptoms of Cardiovascular Metabolic and Renal Disease
-Pain; discomfort in the chest, neck, jaw, or other areas that may result from ischemia
This study source was downloaded by 100000852681095 from CourseHero.com on 11-05-2022 07:18:23 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/70401246/411-Exam-1-Notesdocx/
Physical Activity- Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that substantially
increases energy expenditure
Exercise- A component of physical activity that is planned, structured activity done for the
purpose of improving 1+ aspects of physical fitness
Physical Fitness- Includes cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength,
endurance and power, flexibility, agility, rxn time, and balance
Muscle Contraction-
Static or isometric
• No change in joint angle
Dynamic or isotonic
• Change in joint angle
Occupational Physical Activity:
-Declined by more than 100kcal/d over the last 5 decades
Car Travel: 1960 vs today
67% of all trips to work in 1960
88% in 2000
Nearly 50% of U.S. school children walked or rode their bikes to school in 1960s; by 2001, only
13% did so
Pioneers:
Classic studies of Morris et al. (1950s)
-London bus drivers vs. conductors
-Mail carriers vs. office staff
Kenneth Cooper, Steven Blair
• Leaders in evaluating effect of fitness on CVS
-Ongoing ACLS, Cooper Clinic
-10,000 men and 3,000 women followed for 8 years
ACSM/CDC PA Recommendations:
-30 min of moderate intensity, 5d/wk
-Vigorous for 20 min on 3 day/wk
-May accumulate in 10 min bouts
Classifying Intensity:
• Low: 1-2 Mets
• Moderate: 3-<6 Mets
This study source was downloaded by 100000852681095 from CourseHero.com on 11-05-2022 07:18:23 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/70401246/411-Exam-1-Notesdocx/
, • Vigorous: > or equal to 6 Mets
Physical Activity Guidelines:
-At least 150 min of moderate intensity PA
weekly OR
-75 min of vigorous activity PA weekly
Risks Associated with PA:
-Healthy individuals are not at risk for cardiac events as a result of exercise
-Individuals with known or suspected disease need medical clearance before beginning exercise
-The EP-C is responsible for supervising the exercise program regardless of the population
Pre-Participation and Screening Guidelines
-First, Do No Harm
-Pre-Participation Screening
-Reasons to Conduct Screening-
-To Identify:
• Those with medical contraindications for performing PA
• Those who should receive a medical/physical eval/exam and clearance prior to
performing a PA program
• Those who should participate in a medically supervised PA program
• Those with other health/medical concerns (orthopedic injuries)
-Guidelines are not LEGALLY mandated but Surgeon General Report recommends inactive men
over 40 and women over 50 as well as people at risk for CVD should consult a physician before
starting an exercise program
Professional Screening
-Health History Questionnaire
-ACSM Screening
-Medical Exam/Clearance
HRR= (MHR- Resting HR) x desired intensity + resting HR
MRH = 220-age
40% = (200-70) x .4 + 70
(130) x 4 + .70 = 122 bpm
(130) x .59 + 70
Major Signs/Symptoms of Cardiovascular Metabolic and Renal Disease
-Pain; discomfort in the chest, neck, jaw, or other areas that may result from ischemia
This study source was downloaded by 100000852681095 from CourseHero.com on 11-05-2022 07:18:23 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/70401246/411-Exam-1-Notesdocx/
