Patient Safety: IHI QI 103 Testing and Measuring Changes with PDSA Cycles MOST TESTED EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2022 LATEST UPDATE DOCS

Patient Safety: IHI QI 103 Testing and Measuring Changes with PDSA Cycles MOST TESTED EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2022 LATEST UPDATE DOCS Use the following scenario to answer the first two questions: You volunteer at a student-run clinic associated with your academic health center. As a member of the student board, you are constantly looking for ways to improve the clinic. One common complaint is that it takes too long to check patients in once they arrive, and you decide to tackle this problem. Which of the following might be an outcome measure for this effort? (A) Average number of minutes between patient arrival at the clinic and completion of check-in (B) Number of patients seen by the clinic (C) Average number of students helping to check a patient in (D) None of the above - A Outcome measures tell you how the system is performing. In this case, the aim of the project is to decrease the time it takes to check in patients, so an appropriate outcome measure for this project could be "average number of minutes between patient arrival at the clinic and completion of check-in." The average number of patients seen by the clinic and the average number of students helping to check in patients might be useful to track as balancing and process measures, respectively. Which of the following is the best way to collect baseline data for this improvement project? (A) Look at a few patients every day for a week. (B) Look at 10 percent of patients for a year. (C) Look at 100 percent of patients for a month. (D) There is no reason to collect baseline data. - A The best answer is to use a small sample and gather the data quickly. When measuring for improvement, it's often unnecessary (and may defeat the goal of rapid, iterative testing) to collect all available information over an extended period of time. Baseline data is important for knowing whether changes you are making are, in fact, leading to improvement. Which of the following is an example of an effective measurement technique for improvement? (A) Always strive for perfection. (B) Use quantitative and qualitative data. (C) Always set aside designated time for data collection. (D) All of the above - B The best answer is to use qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data, which is not so much about numbers as it is about the depth of the information collected, can be a rich source of knowledge in improvement projects. Interviews or focus groups are common sources of qualitative data. Measurement is not the goal; improvement is the goal. In order to move forward to the next step, a team needs just enough data to know whether changes are leading to improvement. ("Seek usefulness, not perfection" is a mantra at IHI.) To save time, integrate data collection into the daily routine as much as possible. Why should you consider collecting a family of measures when undertaking an improvement? (A) It makes the project more publishable. (B) A single measure may not be enough to determine the impact of a change on the system. (C) All improvement projects are so complex that they require multiple measures. (D) All of the above - B Health care systems are extremely complex. A small change in a complex system can lead to many unexpected results, so using only one measure may not capture the effect of the change upon the system. Using more measures will not necessarily increase the likelihood of publication. Finally, it is health care that is complex, not necessarily the improvement project itself. The most successful projects are often the simplest ones. You're working on an improvement project at a community mental health center. Your project aim: "Within two months, 100 percent of our patients will wait less than 30 minutes to be seen by a physician." You decide to gather data on patient wait times over a week-long period in order to establish a baseline. What might be an important consideration as you plan your data collection strategy? (A) Whether you'll provide food for the patients who wait more than 30 minutes. (B) What exactly you mean by "wait less than 30 minutes to be seen" — does this include the time the patient spends checking in, for instance? (C) How to establish consensus among the clinic's caregivers about the value of the project before gathering data. (D) How to inform the supervisors of individual physicians quickly when those physicians' patients wait more than 30 minutes. - B It is crucial to clearly define your measure before you begin gathering data, so that you and your team members measure the same thing each time — and so that others understand what you are measuring. It's not necessary to establish consensus at the outset about the value of the project; by doing small tests of change, you are likely to gain buy-in as you go. Finally, you are gathering data for improvement, not accountability, so for this project, it doesn't make sense to notify supervisors about the performance of individual caregivers. You work on a surgical unit that receives 87 new patients per week. In your spare time, you are trying to improve pain control across the unit. As you prepare to collect your baseline data before testing your change, you consider your plan to gather this information. Which of the following would be the best data collection plan for this project, and why?